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Classical Conditioni
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is Behaviorism? | An approach to studying psychology that involves observable cause-and-effect relationships between conditions and behavior |
| What are some assumptions in behaviorism? | Actions of the mind result from a stimulus/response relationship that has been or is being encountered. Also, research on the mind can be limited to looking only for observable & quantifiable measures of the mind |
| Who was John B Watson? | Advocate of the field of behaviorism and considered by many to be the founding father of behaviorism. His most memorable experiment was with Baby Albert |
| What are the two basic forms of learning in behaviorism? | Learning how things are connected (classical conditioning) and learning the consequences of our actions in environments (operant conditioning) |
| Who was Ivan Pavlov? | Interested in the digestive system of dogs and discovered/began studying the "psychic salivations" in his dogs. Realized that this form of learning was interesting and dedicated his time to studying how dogs developed this behavior |
| How does Classical conditioning start? | The learned responses develop from an initial pairing of two pieces of information: The unconditional stimulus and the unconditioned response |
| The Unconditioned stimulus (US) | A stimulus that elicits an unlearned, or reflexive response |
| The Unconditioned Response (UR) | A response to a stimulus that is automatic |
| What is the process of classical conditioning? | After detecting the initial pairing of info a neutral stimulus is presented to individual. A training/pairing procedure begins until NS is recognized to associate with US. The pairing of stimuli leads to conditioned response to newly conditioned stimulus |
| What is the classical conditioning formula? | Before Training: US(food in mouth)->UR(salivation), NS(tone)->No relevant response Training: NS(tone)+US(food in mouth) After Training: US(food in mouth)->UR(salivation), CS(tone)->CR(salivation) |
| What does a learning curve indicate? | How likely the Neutral Stimulus/Conditioned Stimulus is to elicit the Conditioned Response over time and varies between pairings |
| What does an extinction curve measure? | How quickly a learned response deteriorates |
| Forgetting | How quickly we stop responding to stimulus |
| What influences the strength of a learned response? | Conditioning occurs more rapidly when the neutral stimulus is relatively unfamiliar. The less time that elapses between the presentation of the CS and the UC, the faster the CR is acquired. The CR will be acquired more when CS precedes the UC |
| What happens when stimuli are similar to the neutral stimulus? | Generalization |
| Generalization | When organisms respond with a conditioned response to a new stimuli that closely resemble the conditioned stimulus |
| Discrimination | when organism don't respond to a new and similar stimulus as if it were the same as the CS |
| How does behaviorism tell us about learning? | it tells us how we can learn about our minds might pair stimuli with each other but doesn't inform us about how we know about what we do and not to do in our world |
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