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Chapter 17 Study Gui
Chapter 17 Study guide biology
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Sedimentary Rock | Rock formed from small particles of sand, silt, and clay |
| 99% | Percent of species that has ever lived that has become extinct |
| Eras and Periods | Geologic time scale |
| Eras | One of several subdivisions between the Precambrian and the present |
| Periods | Units of time into which eras are separated |
| Paleozoic, Mesozoic, and Cenozoic | The eras |
| Paleozoic era | Era in which a mass extinction occurred |
| Cenozoic era | Most recent era |
| Volcanic activity, bombardment by comets and asteroids, and an atmosphere of poisonous gases | Characteristics of Earth before the oceans formed |
| Hydrogen cyanide, C02, CO, nitrogen, hydrogen sulfide,and H2O | Earth's atmosphere before the oceans formed |
| Water | Was necessary for oceans to form |
| When oxygen levels rose | When life forms either went extinct, survived, or created metabolic pathways to survive |
| Oceans | ______ did not exist 4,000,000,000 years ago because water was still a gas |
| Earth's core | The most dense elements formed this |
| Bacteria | First organisms were similar to these |
| Rust | When oxygen was first released in the early seas, it combined with iron to make _____ |
| Hydrogen and Nitrogen | The least dense elements |
| RNA | can catalyze chemical reactions, process mRNA, and help replicate DNA |
| RNA | May have been the 1st info storing molecule |
| sexual reproduction | increases genetic variety, speeding up evolution |
| Cambrian explosion | resulted in the first representatives of most animal groups |
| Coevolution | process by which 2 species evolve in response to change in eachother |
| Mass extinctions | Encouraged the rapid evolution of surviving species by making new habitats available |
| Fossils | Include preserved items such as eggs, footprints, bones, and body parts; form in sedimentary rock |
| Microfossils | fossilized remains of single-celled organisms |
| Fossil Records | provide evidence about the history of life on Earth |
| Index Fossils | Fossils used to provide evidence about the history of life on Earth |
| Half-life | the length of time it takes for half of the radioactive atoms in a sample to decay |
| Miller and Urey's experiment | used hydrogen, methane, and ammonia; amino acids began to accumlate |
| Proteinoid microspheres | can store and release energy |
| Endosymbiotic theory | suggests that eukaryotic cells came from prokaryotic organisms |
| Adaptive radiation | a single species usually undergoes this to evolve into several different forms |
| Convergent evolution | when unrelated organisms begin to resemble each other |
| Extinction | when all members of a species have died out |
Created by:
hillgerb
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