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Stars & Galaxies

STUDY GUIDE

QuestionAnswer
What are constellations? Patterns of stars in the night sky
What is the brightest star visible from the northern hemisphere? Polaris
How many constellations is the sky divided into? 88
What is the name of the north star, & which constellation is it found in? Polaris, and it is found in Ursa Minor
What are circumpolar constellations? Constellations that circle around Polaris
What is absolute magnitude? Absolute magnitude is a measure of the amount of light that a star gives off
What is apparent magnitude? Apparent magnitude is a measure of the amount of light from the star that is received on Earth
What is a parallax Parallax is the apparent shift in position of an object when viewed from two different positions
What is the name of the closest star to the Sun, & how far away is it? Proxima Centauri, it is 4.3 light years away from the Sun, or about 40 million km away
What instrument is used to figure out the composition of a star? A spectroscope
What is a star? A star is a large, spherical mass of gas that gives off light & other types of radiation
What does the photosphere do? It gives off light
Where is the chromosphere? Above the photosphere
What is the corona? The hottest point in the Sun
What are sunspots? Sunspots are areas of the Suns surface that appear dark because they are cooler than the surrounding areas.
What are prominences? Prominences are huge arching columns of gas
What are solar flares? Solar flares are gases near a sunspot that brighten suddenly, shooting outward at a high speed
What are CME's? CME's are coronal mass ejections, these occur when large amounts of electrically-charged gas are ejected suddenly from the Sun's corona
How long does it take for the Suns light to reach Earth? It takes 8 minutes
What is it called when 2 stars orbit eachother? A Binary system
What does the H-R diagram show? It shows the relationship between a stars temperature & it's absolute magnitude
What color are the hottest stars in the Universe? Blue
What color are the coolest stars in the Universe? Red
What is the Main Sequence? A series of star types to which most stars belong
What percentage of stars are Main Sequence stars? 90%
What is the core temperature of the star? 15 million K
What did stars start out as? A large cloud of gas & dust, called a Nebula
When does a star become a Main Sequence star?
Created by: sydney.sloat70
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