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Microbiology 3

Immunology

QuestionAnswer
Natural/innate immunolgy Physical barriers, antimicrobial chemicals, phagocytic body cells, natural killer cells
Humoral acquired immunity Anitbody synthesis, resistance to extracellular bacteria, neutralization of viruses, protection of fetus/newborn
Cell-mediated acquired immunity Killer cells, resistance to parasites in cells, regulation of antibody synthesis, control of cancer cells, graft rejection
First line of body's defenses Intact skin, mucous membranes and secretions, normal microbacteria
Second line of body's defenses Phagocytic white blood cells, inflammation, fever, antimicrobial sustances
Third line of body's defenses Specialized lympocytes, B and T cells
Phagocytic cells Generally leukocytes, also called white blood cells
Interferon General antivirus
B-cells Stem cells differentiated in the bone marrow, responsible for antibody production
T-cells Stem cells differentiated in the thymus, responsible for cell-mediated immunity
Memory B-cells B-cells that stay in the bloodstream after an infection to provide protection for future infections
Plasma B-cells B-cells produced in the case of an infection to fight off the foreign cells
Macrophage Possesses multiple structures called psuedopodes
Stage 1 of inflammation Chemotactic response
Stage 2 of inflammation Blood clot forms
Stage 3 of inflammation Abscess starts to form
Stage 4 of inflammation Margination: phagocytes stick to endothelium
Stage 5 of inflammation Emigration: phagocytes squeeze between endothelial cells
Stage 6 of inflammation Phagocytosis of invading bacteria
Chills Systemic response to internal body temperature going up and external temperature going down
Antigenic substances Elict immune response
Antibodies Proteins that can form structures to recognize determinants
Haptens Can be determinants, but cannot elict immune response, formed from two parts
Serum proteins Proteins in blood
Immunoglobulin M First immunoglobulin to appear after immunization
Immunoglobulin A Primarily found in secretions and extracellular fluids
Immunoglobulin D Major circulating antibody
Immunoglobulin E Major enzyme in allergic reactions
Immunoglobulin G Major serum immunoglobulin
Attenuated virus Living, but weakened virus used in vaccines
Inactivated virus Killed virus used in vaccines
Toxoids Inactivated toxin used in vaccines
Clonal memory anamastic response, remembering antigens to fight them better next time
Vaccine Promotes immune response, developed in 1798 by Ed Jenner
Created by: Dragoness
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