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LD BIO CH 9

LD BIO CH 9 TRANSPORT

TermDefinition
TRANSPORT the process by which substances move into or out of cells or are distributed within cells.
CIRCULATORY SYSTEM a system that links the cells of a complex organism with its environment.
HEART the organ that pumps blood through the circulatory system
HEMOGLOBIN a substance that increases the amount of oxygen the blood can caryy
CLOSED CIRCULATORY SYSTEM a system in which the blood is always contained within tubes, or vessels in the body.
CAPILLARIES microscopic blood vessels
OPEN CIRCULATORY SYSTEM the blood flows directly into body tissues
ARTERIES blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart to the tissues and organs of the body
VEINS vessels that return blood from the body tissues to the heart
VALVES flaplike structures that allow blood to flow in only one direction - toward the heart
PERICARDIUM a tough membrane that covers and protects the hearts
ATRIA the two upper, thin-walled chambers of the heart (also called auricles)
VENTRICLES the two lower, thick-walled chambers of the heart
DIASTOLE the period of relaxation of the heart
SYSTOLE the period of contraction of the heart
PULMONARY ARTERY the two-branched vessel that brings blood from the right ventricle of the heart to the lungs
AORTA the largest artery of the body
S-A NODE a small group of specialized muscle cells in the wall of the right atrium; stimulates contraction of the heart; pacemaker
A-V NODE a small bundle of muscle cells at the base of the right atrium; triggers an impulse that causes contraction of the ventricles
PULSE the expansion and relaxation that can be felt in an artery each time the left ventricle of the heart contracts and relaxes
PULMONARY CIRCULATION the pathway in the body carries blood between the heart and the lungs
SYSTEMIC CIRCULATION a pathway that carries blood between the heart and the rest of the body, excluding the lungs
SUPERIOR VENA CAVA veins, some of the largest in the body, that return blood from the head, arms, and chest into the right atrium of the heart.
INFERIOR VENA CAVA veins, some of the largest in the body, that return blood from the lower regions of the body into the right atrium of the heart
CORONARY CIRCULATION the branch of the systematic circulation that supplies the heart muscle with blood.
HEPATIC-PORTAL CIRCULATION the branch of the systemic circulation that carries blood to the liver from the digestive tract
RENAL CIRCULATION the branch of the systematic that carries blood to and from the kidneys
INTERCELLULAR FLUID a fluid that helps move materials between the capillaries and the body cells
LYMPHATIC SYSTEM a system of vessels that return excess fluid and proteins from the intercellular spaces to the blood
LYMPH intercellular fluid and proteins are called lymph once they are inside the lymphatic system.
LYMPH NODES lymphatic glands that play an important role in the body's defense against disease
TRANSPORT IN AMEBA takes in H2O by osmosis and must be pumped out by contractive vacuoles
TRANSPORT IN HYDRA materials pass from cell to cell by diffusion through endoderm & ectoderm
TRANSPORT IN GRASSHOPPER open circulatory system passes into sinuses from a tubular heart. Blood is colorless. Does not carry O2. Sinuses are open cavities between tissues.
TRANSPORT IN EARTHWORM closed circulatory system similar to humans. Blood contains hemoglobin which carries O2.
Created by: desilva13
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