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Science review #1

Review for pages 1-20 questions 1-9.

TermDefinition
Organism An individual living thing, such as a plant, animal, fungus, bacterium, or protist.
Nutrition Taking food into the body(ingestion), breaking in down into a form usable by cells(digestion)and eliminating undigested material (elimination).
Transport Moving materials through out the organism.
Respiration Releasing energy stored in food.
Excretion Removing waste materials produced by the organism.
Regulation Responding to changes in the organism's surroundings.
Growth Increase in size.
Reproduction Making more of the organism of the same kind.
Asexual reproduction Reproduction involving only one parent. (Identical offspring)
Regeneration The process that helps organism maintain homeostasis.
Binary fission Binary fission, asexual reproduction by a separation of the body into two new bodies.
Budding Form of asexual reproduction in which a new organism develops from an outgrowth or bud due to cell division at one particular site.
Sexual reproduction Reproduction involving two parents.(Off spring look different).
Fertilization The joining together of two cells.
Cell The basic unit of life.
Unicellular Made up of one cell.
Multicellular Made up of many cells.
Nucleus(cell) Reproduction-where genetic material is stored.
Mitochondria Respiration-where food is burned(combined with oxygen)to produce energy. Called the powerhouse of the cell.
Ribosomes Synthesis-where proteins are made.
Lysosomes Digestion- where digestive enzymes are stored.
Vacuole Digestion and excretion- where digestion occurs or where excess fluid is stored.
Chloroplasts Photosynthesis-where glucose(sugar) is produced in green plants(present only in plant cells.
Cell wall A semi rigid structure that surrounds cells of plants, fungi, and bacteria.
Cell membrane A semipermeable "skin" surrounding the cell and separating it from its environment.
Cytoplasm The fluid portion of a cell's interior. The organelles are suspended in the cytoplasm.
Photosynthesis The process by which plants, and some protists and bacteria use light energy, carbon dioxide, and water to make sugar.
Ingestion The taking in of food.
Digestion Breaking down nutrients into a useable form.
Elimination Removal of undigested materials from the body.
Homeostasis Normal internal conditions.
Metamorphosis A dramatic change in an organism.
Infectious Disease An illness caused by microorganism that be transmitted, or passed on, from one individual to another.
Noninfectious Disease Diseases that can't be transmitted from one individual to another.
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