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Micro2 Parasitology
Practice test for Micr2 on parasitology.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is first thing attacked by a Plasmodium sp. parasite? | Liver |
| What 2 species of Plasmodium cause 95% of malaria infections? | P. falciparum and P. vivax |
| Which species of Plasmodium has the highest occurrence of relapse? | P. vivax |
| What species affects those negative for Duffy? | P. ovale |
| Which species of Plasmodium has a Quartan Lifecycle? | P. malariae |
| What is the cause of “beaver fever?” | Giardia lamblia |
| People with which condition are more susceptible to infections by Giardia lamblia? | IgA deficiency |
| Trophozoites of Giardia lamblia show what characteristic in a wet mount? | Falling leaf motility |
| How is Dientamoeba fragilis believed to be spread? | Fecal-oral route |
| What other type of parasite is believed to be associated with, and helps protect and spread, D. fragilis? | Pinworm eggs |
| What simple measure can be taken to prevent D. fragilis? | Hand washing |
| What are two possible medication treatments used to treat D. fragilis? | Iodoquinol and Paromycin |
| What are the 4 ways toxoplasmosis can be transmitted to humans? | 1. Food-bourne 2. animal-to-human 3. mother-to-child (congenital) 4. Rare instance |
| Where is Toxoplasma gondii found? | Domestic cat and other members of the cat family |
| What are some of the ways to prevent and/or control toxoplasmosis? | Any of the following: 1.cook food at safe temps 2. hand washing 3. proper handling of raw meat 4. handle blood properly 5. keep pet cat inside 6. Get cat tested 7. wear gloves when gardening or handling litter 8. clean litter box often |
| What will treat a person with T. vaginalis? | Metronidazole |
| How is T. vaginalis displayed on a wet mount? | Swimming |
| How is T. vaginalis transferred from person to person? | Sexual intercourse |
| What are the two ways that acanthamoeba is acquired? | 1. lower respiratory tract 2. ulcerated/broken skin |
| In what body of water is acanthamoeba most pathogenic? | swimming pools |
| Which infection caused by acanthamoeba is most likely to occur and why? | acanthamoeba kerititis, due to the improper cleaning of contacts |
| Leishmania sp. are found on every continent except? | Australia and Antarctica |
| Infection with the parasite Leishmania sp. comes from which vector? | Sandfly infected with macrophages containing amastigotes |
| What are the three possible manifestations of Leishmaniasis? | Visceral (systemic), mucotaneous, and cutaneous |
| How is Leishmaniasis diagnosed? | By identifying amastigotes (L.D. bodies) in the macrophages of skin lesions |
| For specimen collection of parasites, 3 fresh __ should be collected on different days in a 10 day period. | stools |
| Protozoan activity in stool samples will stop in about __ mins after collection. | 30 |
| Reject stool if contaminated with __ or __ __ __. | urine or X-ray contrast media. |
| You examine stool samples for what 4 things? | 1. blood 2. mucus 3. visible parasites 4. parasite parts |
| If sample is highly aqueous/liquid, look at wet mount within __ mins. | 30 |
| If sample is semi-liquid, look at within __ mins. | 60 |
| If sample is fully formed/hard, look at within how long? | 24 hours |
| After applying cover slip to wet mount, look at the __ __ under 10X power. | whole slide |
| After looking at the whole slide under 10X power, look at 30-50% of slide under __X. | 40 |
| Report what 2 things about any parasitic species seen? | 1. name of parasite 2. stage seen (egg, larva, cyst, troph, worm) |
| If blood cells or yeasts are found in stool sample, you report them as ? | few, moderate, many |
| What do you call crystals that are formed by eosinophil degradation? | Charcot-Leyden crystals |
| You should use a __ stain for your first look at the sample. | iodine |
| Another, permanent stain used when looking for parasites in fecal matter is ? | Trichrome stain |
| Besides Trichrome and iodine, what other stain is used? | Iron Hematoxylin stain |
| Kids, especially in day cares, are prone to getting the pinworm __ __. | Enterobius vermicularis |
| Pets are prone to getting what whipworm? | Trichuris trichiura |
| Pork meat and bear meat are prone to having __ __, a trichina worm. | Trichinella spiralis |
| The proper name for the nearly extinct guinea worm is ? | Dracunculus medinensis |
| Use __ to treat Enterobius vermicularis. | Pin-X |
| Trichuris trichiura can be found in what 2 places? | 1. warm soil 2. fecally contaminated soil/water |
| The eggs of Trichuris trichiura are easily spotted because ? | they have clear "knobs" on both ends |
| The eggs of __ __, a large intestinal roundworm, will definitely be on this test and the registry. | Ascaris lumbricoides |
| Trichinella spiralis, a parasite found in pig and bear meat, get lodged where in the body? | striated muscle |
| What parasite go to the lungs and crawl down the trachea? Females are also longer than males. | Ascaris lumbricoides |
| What 2 kinds of hookworm are there? | Old world (Acnylostoma duodenale) and New world (Necator americanus) |
| A threadworm similar to the hookworm with a widened esophagus that invades the body through the skin is correctly called ? | Strongyloides stercoralis |
| The cause of elephatiatis, which also lives in the tropics, is ? | Wuchereria bancrofti |
| A parasite similar to Wucheria bancrofti, but living in the far East, is ? | Brugia malayi |
| The difference between Wucheria bancrofti and Brugia malayi is that one has a longer sheath. Which one is it? | Wuchereria bancrofti |
| Elephantitis is caused by blockage of the ? | lymphatic system |
| What 2 organisms cause Filariasis? | Wucheria bancrofti, Brugia malayi |
| What African fly is associated with eye infections related to Filariasis? | Loa loa (by day) |
| What fly from Central America and Africa is associated with night time eye infections of Filariasis? | Onchocerca volvulus |
| Cestodes are what kind of worm? | tapeworm |
| Hymenolopsis nana is a __ tapeworm. | dwarf |
| Taenia saginata is a __ tapeworm. | beef |
| Taenia solium is a __ tapeworm. | pork |
| Diphyllobothrium latum is a __ tapeworm. | fish |
| Fasciola hepatica is a __ __ fluke. | sheep liver |
| Clonorchis sinensis is a __ __ fluke. | oriental liver |
| Paragonimus westermani is an __ __ fluke. | oriental lung |
| Fasciolopsis buski is a large __ fluke. | intestinal |
| Schistosoma mansoni is a __ blood fluke. | Manson's |
| Schistosoma japonicum is an __ blood fluke. | oriental |
| Shistosoma haematobium is a __ fluke. | bladder |
| __ cause dermatitis from skin penetration. | Schistosomiasis |
| Shistosomiasis is 2nd in worldwide mortality and morbidity to __. | malaria |
| What do Schistosomes feed on ? | RBCS and hematin in WBCs |
| What parasite from Africa and the Middle East is associate with bladder cancer? | Schistosoma haematobium |
| What disease is Trypanosoma Cruzi associated with? | Chagas disease |
| The definitive host for Babesia sp. is a? | Ticks: Ixodes dammini |
| Parasites in the RBC usually lie in a _______ _________ formation. Although they are rarely seen. | Maltese cross formation |
| T or F: Babesia can be transmitted trough a blood transfusion? | True |
| What is the only ciliated protozoon pathogenic to humans? | B. coli |
| What are the 2 disease states caused by B. coli? | Balantidiasis and Balantidial dysentery |
| How does B. coli reproduce? | Asexually by binary fission; sexually by conjugation and exchange of micronuclei. |
| What is the most common source of contamination by B. coli? | Pig feces |
| What is the most common treatment for B. coli? | tetracycline |
| What class of immunoglobulin in spinal fluid is diagnostic? | IgM |
| How do you get T brucei? | Tsetse fly bite |
| Is T. brucei rhodesiense from west or east Africa? | East |
| The year is 1991. Johnny Utah has had bloody diarrhea for a few days. His doctor says he is infected with Entamoabae histolytica. His doctor says he could not have gotten it by: | b)Aerosol droplets from his girlfriend sneezing |
| A characteristic finding of the trophozoite form of E. histolytica which can be found in feces is: | c)The presence of ingested RBCs |
| A doctor suspects infection with E. histolytica and orders a workup. Several fresh and preserved fecal specimens are delivered to the lab. Procedures to help identify E. histolytica include all of the following EXCEPT: | b)Tease mount |
| What is characteristic of the cyst form of E. histolytica? | a)Cigar shaped chromatid |
Created by:
IsaacJ
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