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science chapter 1

on worms, symmetry, cnidarians,and sponges

QuestionAnswer
what are the three types of ways animals eat(three types of animals)and explain them herbivore, carnivore, Omnivore, herbivore is only plants, carnivore is only meat, omnivore is both
what are the three types of symmetry? Explain them. radial(around center point)bilateral(equal on both sides)asymmetrical(not the same on any side
what are the 6 characteristics common to all animals? 1. are many celled,2. specialized structures,3. depend on other things for food, 4.digest their food,5. move, 6. reproduce sexually and assexually
what is the difference between invertebrates and vertbrates vertbrates: have a backbone, brain, and spinal cord invertebrates: no backbone,97%,most have a protective outer coating.
what are the two different types of cnidarians? Explain them. polyp: shaped like vase and is usually SESSILE. medusa: bell-shaped, and free-swimming
what does hermaphrodites and sessile mean? sessile: organisms that remain attached to one place during their lifetimes. Hermaphrodites: animals that produce sperm and egg in same body.
what are tentacles and stinging cells? arm like structures, has capsule with a coiled, threadlike structure that helps the cnidarian capture food
what colors are sponges in saltwater and freshwater? saltwater: commonly bright in color freshwater: dull to browns
sponges are what kind of body structure? some have radial while others have asymmetrical symmetry. some are sessile. found in groups or colonies. covered with tiny pores.
how do sponges get food? how do they reproduce? filter water through pores and big objects are caught and eroded down for food. can reproduce sexually, but usually are hermaphrodites.
two body forms of cnidarians? explain them. Medusa: bell-shaped and free-swimming. Polyp: shaped like vase, stays in one place.
what is the cnidarian body structure? have radial symmetry, digestive cavity, arm-like tentacles thst surround mouth, and stinging cells.
corals(importance and dangers) -protect shoreline from damage, and can get stepped on or anchor dropped on.
what is a flatworm, roundworm, planarians, and flukes? flatworm- flat bodies, 3 types- planarians, flukes, and tapeworms, some free-living, most are parasitic Roundworm- called nematodes
what 1/2 a million of all many-celled organisms are these. roundworms
what are the three types of flatworms? planarians, flukes, and flatworms.
Most flatworms live in what kind of water? salt water, though some can live in fresh water.
the body of a planarian is covered with what tiny hairs? cilia
what do roundworms do to help the environment? they provide nutrients for the soil.
flatworms and roundworms have what type of symmetry, and what tissues and organ systems? (Characteristics) bilateral symmetry, three well-developed tissue layers and organ systems.
what is an anus? an opening at the end of digestive tract which through waste leaves the body.
what is the difference between parasites and free-living organisms and what are they? parasites depend on organisms for food and a place to live and free-living doesn't depend on other things for food.
what are some facts about a planarian? free-living, triangle shaped head with two eyespots, one opening on underside of body, in length from 3mm to 30 cm, reproduce asexually by splitting in half
what are some facts about flukes? parasites, reproduce sexually, live in blood, more than 200 million people are infected in developing countries
what are some facts about tapeworms? parasites, attaches to intestines of host organism, absorbs food that is digested by host organism,(no mouth)can grow to 12 meters long.
what is the body structure of roundworms? 2 body openings, mouth and anus. some feed on insects that cause crop damage. parasites but most are freeliving reproduce sexually
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