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Human Bio Final
human Biology Final Exam Study Guide, Chapter 4, The skeletal System
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Dense compact bone | form the shaft and covers each end (of the bone). |
| Yellow bone marrow | In the middle of the bone, fat used for energy. |
| Spongy bone | less dense, filled with red bone marrow |
| Epiphysis | ends of the bone |
| Diaphysis | shaft of the bone |
| Fibrocartilage | collagen fibers arranged in thick bundles |
| Hyaline cartilage | smooth cartilage of thin collagen fibers |
| Elasitc cartilage | elastin fibers, highly flexible |
| Osteoblasts | blood vessels that carry bone-forming cells |
| Growth plate | narrow strip of cartilage which causes bones growth throughout adolescence and childhood. |
| Osteoclast | bone-dissolving cells |
| chondroblasts | cartilage-forming cells that build a model of the future bone |
| Osteoblasts | Young bone-forming cells that cause the hard extracellular matrix of bone to develop |
| Osteocytes | Mature bone cells that maintain the structure of the bone |
| skeleton | 206 bones of the human body and the various connective tissues that hold them together |
| Axial skeleton | skull, sternum, ribs, and vertebral column |
| know the bones | page 90-91 |
| Appendicular skeleton | arms, legs, their attachments to the trunk (pectoral and pelvic girdles, respectfully). |
| Joints | contact between bones |
| synovial joints | allow the most movement, joints are separated by a thin fluid-filled cavity |
| Tendons | join the bones to muscles |
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