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science ch11 vocab
science ch 11 vocab
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| aquaculture | The farming of saltwater and freshwater organisms. |
| biodiversity | The number of different species in an area. |
| biome | A region with a certain climate and certain forms of vegetation. |
| canopy | A leafy roof at the top of tall trees. |
| captive breeding | The mating of animals in zoos or wildlife preserves. |
| clear-cutting | The process of cutting down all the trees in an area at once. |
| coniferous tree | Trees that produce their seeds in cones and have leaves shaped like needles. |
| coral reef | A structure of calcite skeletons built up by coral animals in warm, shallow ocean water. |
| deciduous tree | Trees that shed their leaves and grow new ones each year. |
| desert | An arid region that on average receives less than 25 centimeters of rain a year. |
| endangered species | Species in danger of becoming extinct in the near future. |
| estuary | A coastal inlet or bay where fresh water from rivers mixes with salty ocean water. |
| extinction | The disappearance of all members of a species from Earth |
| fishery | An area of ocean with many valuable ocean organisms. |
| grassland | An area that is populated mostly by grasses and other nonwoody plants. |
| habitat destruction | The loss of a natural habitat. |
| intertidal zone | An area that stretches from the highest high-tide line on land out to the point on the continental shelf exposed by the lowest low tide. |
| kelp forests | Area of the ocean floor where large, brown algae called giant kelp grow. |
| keystone species | A species that influences the survival of many other species in an ecosystem. |
| neritic zone | The area of the ocean that extends from the low-tide line out to the edge of the continental shelf. |
| permafrost | Permanently frozen soil found in the tundra climate region. |
| plankton | Tiny algae and animals that float in water and are carried by waves and currents. |
| poaching | The illegal killing or removal of wildlife from their habitats. |
| renewable resource | A resource that is either always available or is naturally replaced in a relatively short time. |
| savanna | Grasslands that are formed closer to the equator than prairies. |
| selective cutting | The process of cutting down only some trees in a forest and leaving a mix of tree sizes and species behind. |
| sustainable yield | An amount of a renewable resource such as trees that can be harvested regularly without reducing the future supply. |
| threatened species | Species that could become endangered in the near future. |
| tundra | A polar climate region, found across northern Alaska, Canada, and Russia, with short, cool summers and bitterly cold winters. |
| understory | A second layer of shorter trees and vines formed below the canopy. |
| oceanography | The study of oceans |
| marine biology | Study of animals and plants and life in the ocean |
| food chain | food web = what eats what |
| storm drain | vent in gutter, goes underground, "freeway to ocean" |
| sharks | endangered, killed for shark fin soup |
| No. Pacific Gyre | floating island of plastic trash, larger than Texas |
| Whales | marine mammals, many endangered |
| oil spill | BP oil spill, fossil fuels - harms ecology |
| ecology | study of environment and living things and interrelatedness |
| ichtyology | study of fish |
| phytoplankton | plant plankton, 70% of O2, base of food chain in ocean |
| zooplankton | animal plankton, incl. jelly fish |
| Atlantic farmed salmon | on Avoid list, high in Mercury |
| wild salmon | better to eat, less toxins |
| Chiliean seabass | over fished, high in Mercury |
| pH | acid/base scale |
| acid | pH 1-6 |
| base | pH 8-14 |
| neutral | pH 7 |
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