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science ch11 vocab

science ch 11 vocab

Term	Definition
aquaculture	The farming of saltwater and freshwater organisms.
biodiversity	The number of different species in an area.
biome	A region with a certain climate and certain forms of vegetation.
canopy	A leafy roof at the top of tall trees.
captive breeding	The mating of animals in zoos or wildlife preserves.
clear-cutting	The process of cutting down all the trees in an area at once.
coniferous tree	Trees that produce their seeds in cones and have leaves shaped like needles.
coral reef	A structure of calcite skeletons built up by coral animals in warm, shallow ocean water.
deciduous tree	Trees that shed their leaves and grow new ones each year.
desert	An arid region that on average receives less than 25 centimeters of rain a year.
endangered species	Species in danger of becoming extinct in the near future.
estuary	A coastal inlet or bay where fresh water from rivers mixes with salty ocean water.
extinction	The disappearance of all members of a species from Earth
fishery	An area of ocean with many valuable ocean organisms.
grassland	An area that is populated mostly by grasses and other nonwoody plants.
habitat destruction	The loss of a natural habitat.
intertidal zone	An area that stretches from the highest high-tide line on land out to the point on the continental shelf exposed by the lowest low tide.
kelp forests	Area of the ocean floor where large, brown algae called giant kelp grow.
keystone species	A species that influences the survival of many other species in an ecosystem.
neritic zone	The area of the ocean that extends from the low-tide line out to the edge of the continental shelf.
permafrost	Permanently frozen soil found in the tundra climate region.
plankton	Tiny algae and animals that float in water and are carried by waves and currents.
poaching	The illegal killing or removal of wildlife from their habitats.
renewable resource	A resource that is either always available or is naturally replaced in a relatively short time.
savanna	Grasslands that are formed closer to the equator than prairies.
selective cutting	The process of cutting down only some trees in a forest and leaving a mix of tree sizes and species behind.
sustainable yield	An amount of a renewable resource such as trees that can be harvested regularly without reducing the future supply.
threatened species	Species that could become endangered in the near future.
tundra	A polar climate region, found across northern Alaska, Canada, and Russia, with short, cool summers and bitterly cold winters.
understory	A second layer of shorter trees and vines formed below the canopy.
oceanography	The study of oceans
marine biology	Study of animals and plants and life in the ocean
food chain	food web = what eats what
storm drain	vent in gutter, goes underground, "freeway to ocean"
sharks	endangered, killed for shark fin soup
No. Pacific Gyre	floating island of plastic trash, larger than Texas
Whales	marine mammals, many endangered
oil spill	BP oil spill, fossil fuels - harms ecology
ecology	study of environment and living things and interrelatedness
ichtyology	study of fish
phytoplankton	plant plankton, 70% of O2, base of food chain in ocean
zooplankton	animal plankton, incl. jelly fish
Atlantic farmed salmon	on Avoid list, high in Mercury
wild salmon	better to eat, less toxins
Chiliean seabass	over fished, high in Mercury
pH	acid/base scale
acid	pH 1-6
base	pH 8-14
neutral	pH 7

Created by: 527906154

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