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Exam 9
BIO 158
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Deuterosomes means? | Second opening found in the Echinoderms and chordates |
| Phylum Echinoderm examples -species count -who is there embryology most similar to? -location | e.g: sea urchins,sandollars,starfish -6,000 species - embryology like chordates - ALL found in ocean |
| General characteristics of the phylum Echinoderm - type of symmetry? -larvae what symmetry? -body plan? - exo or endo skeleton? - four other things need to know | -Radial symmetry: derived trait -Larvae bilateral sym. -Pentamerous body plan mult of 5 -Endoskeleton made of CaCO3 -Plates contain spines -Coelomic fluid\ amoeboid cells -gas exchange- gills that extend through the skin -Water vascular system: fee |
| Class Asteroidea - active or no? -type of body? -mouth location -the center has what type of ring? eye spots? | - regular active predators -flattened -central disc area -tube within a tube oral mouth- lower -nerve ring in the center branches out to the arms -has eye spots @the tip of each arm to detect light |
| Structures of starfish sexes? | -Madreporite -Radial canals -ampullae -tube feet -separate sexes egg hatches -bipanarria radial-metamorphosis adult |
| ClASS ECHINOIDEA -examples -how do they move? Aristoles lantern: test? | e.g: sea urchins, sanddollars -Move using tube feet-help capture food -Aristoles lantern: pertrude from mouth grab and withdrawal test;CaCO3 |
| Phylum Chordata -species? -Invertebrates: -Vertebrates: | -47,000 species -Invertebrates: Tunicates & Lancelets -Vetebrates: Fish, Reptiles,bird & mammals |
| 4 defining characteristics of ALLLLL chordates!! | 1. Dorsal hollow nerve cord (ectoderm) 2. Notocord: dorsal supporting rod(mesoderm) 3. Pharyngeal pouches 4. Post anal tail |
| General charcteristics of Chordata Coelom? Symmetry? Segmentation? internal or external skelton? | - Well developed coelom - Bilateral symmetry -Segmentation: ribs -Internal Skeleton |
| Subphylum Urochordata e.g? Backbone or no? Functions of support? | e.g: Tunicates- "sea squirts" 1. dorsal hollow nerve cord 2. Notocord: dorsal supporting rod 3. Pharyngeal pouches 4.Post anal tail -No backbone -notocord is the support for the larva stage |
| Subphylum Cepalochordata e.g | e.g: Lancelets |
| Subphylum Vertebrate -has head or no? -sym? -Coelom? -body plan -segmented -Open or closed circ system? -Separate sexes? -respiratory sym? -motile? | - Has cephalozation -Bilateral sym -true coelom -tube within a tube -Very segmented -closed circ system -kidneys -seprate sexes -efficient respiratory system -motile -first to evolve wings |
| Family Tree | 1. Agnatha 2. Osteichthymes 3.Chondrichthymes 4.Amphibia 5.Reptilia 6.Mammalia 7.Aves |
| Fishes Species #? 3 types of classes? Characteristics of all? | -22,000 species -classes are: (jawless, cartilaginous,bony fishes) Characteristics are: A. Aquatic-gills B.Fins/scales C.Cold blooded |
| A) Agnatha 1 example is? | - no scales -no paired fins #1 example: Ostracoderms- EXTINCT -bony amor/very tiny -earliest various fossils found -filter feeders |
| A) Agnatha #2 example | LIVING agnathans e.g: Hagfishes, marine -eat dead fish |
| A) Agnatha 3rd example | e.g Lamprey -sucktorial mouth -parasite -attack fish suck the life outta them. -rasping tounge |
| B) Fishes with jaws e.g: | Herbivores/carnivores -jaws enable development of eating e.g placoderms- 30 ft HUUUGE -jaws/ paired fins -EXTINCT/ bony plates |
| CLASS CHONDRICHTHYMES e.g: How the reproduce? 3 sensing skills? | e.g: sharks,stingrays,& skates - reproduction: male claspers that have sperm packets to mate -Sensing 1.Electric currents- through nervous system 2.Pressure changes- lateral line system 3.Keen sense of smell |
| Difference between skates and stingrays? | Skates: -Mermaid purses that hold baby skates Stingrays: -Flat -slow swimming |
| CLASS OSTEICHTHYMES what are they called? internal or external fertilization? 2 groups: | "bony fishes" -gills/lungs- f.w lateral line -external fertilization |
| CLASS OSTEICHTHYMES 2 groups: | 2 groups: 1.Rayfinned e.g: trout,samon &tuna -gills-gillrakers -swim bladder (bouncy) -operculum is the opening on the side -caudal the back fin 2. lobe finned e.g: lungfishes - NO LUNGS -coelocanth |
| CLASS AMPHIBIA # Species? e.g: External or internal fertilization? What do they all have? Ecto or endothermic? | -3,900 species -e.g: salamander,frogs& toads "double life" ex: tadpole -external fertilzation -ALL have walking legs -Ectothermic- match their surroundings |
| Examples of amphibians: A) salamander | A) Salamander: -tails/ 4 toes on each foot- no claws -moist places/water -sperm packet into female cloaca (internal) |
| B) frogs VS. Toads | B) Frogs: -smooth skin -in or near water -mucas gland: poison gland -immature life: aquatic -adults: land except reproduction -grow through metamorphosis C) Toads -warty skin |
| CLASS REPTILIA species#? e.g: Skin? Fertilization? Amniotic eggs? | 6,000 species e.g: turtles,lizards, & snakes -thick skin :scales contain keratin -predators -well developed lungs -Ectothermic -Fertilization= internal "penis" -Amniotic egg |
| 4 Extraembryonic membrane | 1. Amnion 2. Chorion: allows gas exchange 3.Allantos: toilet 4. Yolk sac:food,nutrients |
| Lizards: 4 characteristics | -4 legs -5 toes/claws -Dry -regenerate loss limbs |
| Snakes: 2 characteristics | -vestigial limbs -ambush predators |
| Turtles Shell: | -Carapace on top -Plastron on bottom |
| Alligators V.S. Crocodiles | Alligator: -loudest breeding noise -largest -black/brown - rounded snout Crocodile: -1,500 species -brown/green color -pointed snout -4 layer tooth sticks out |
| CLASS AVES Species #? New adatation? Features they have? e.g: | -8,900 species -feathers: only in this class believed to be modified scales also contain keratin -Web footed -fish eating: pelicans -e.g: hawks- predators e.g: chickens/ turkey: herbivore e.g :owl are nocturnal e.g: seed eaters: song birds |
| CLASS AVES Specific Adaptations: Reproduction? | - Paired wings -feathers -light weight -internal air spaces -ENDOthermic-warm blooded -4 chambered heart -vision -migration Reproduction: -Cloacas meet exhange internal Amniotic: e.g cow birds- mother disperses her eggs into other nests. |
| CLASS MAMMALIA species #? ecto or endothermic? type of heart? type of glands? | -4,500 species -synapsids- evolved -hair made out of keratin which is isolation -ENDOthermic- active -four chambered heart -mammory glands- modified sweat glands |
| 3 classifications of mammals 1 example: location: | 1.Monotremes: egg laying mammals -amniotic female incubates and feeds them with the milk she produces. -e.g: platypus & spiny anteater -live in Australia |
| 3 classifications of mammals 2 example: location: | 2. Marsupials: pouch where go in uterus immature stage then leave to go into pouch. -e.g: koala, kangaroo & opossum- U.S -live in Australia : take advantage of this method because you can reproduce a lot more |
| 3 classifications of mammals 3 example: location: | Placenta mammals: - has placenta -e.g: human |
Created by:
ssauseda
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