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Biology
Biology - Semester 2 - Chapter 37
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Myocardium | thick middle muscle layer of the heart pumps blood through the circulatory system |
| Atrium | large muscular upper chamber of the heart that receives and holds blood that is about to enter the ventricle |
| Ventricle | thick-walled lower chamber of the heart that pumps blood out of the heart |
| Pulmonary circulation | pathway in which the right side of the heat pumps blood to the lungs |
| Systemic circulation | pathway in which the left side of the heart pumps blood to all of the body except the lungs |
| Valve | flap of connective tissue between an atrium and a ventricle, or in a vein, that prevents backward flow of blood |
| Pacemaker | small group of cardiac muscle cells in the right atrium that 'sets the pace' for the heart as a whole, also known as the senatorial node |
| Aorta | large blood vessel in mammals through which blood travels from the left vernicle to all part of the body except the lungs |
| Artery | large blood vessels that carries blood from the heart to the tissues of the body |
| Capillary | smallest blood vessel; bring nutrients and oxygen to the tissues and absorbs carbon dioxide and waste products |
| Vein | a blood vessel that returns blood to the heart |
| Atherosclerosis | condition in which fatty deposits called plaque build up on the walls of the arteries |
| Plasma | straw-colored fluid that makes up about 55% of blood; consists of about 90% water and about 10% dissolved gases, salts, nutrients, enzymes, hormones, waste products and plasma protiens |
| Hemoglobin | iron-containing protein in red blood cells that transport oxygen from the lungs to the tissues of the body |
| Phagocyte | white blood cell that engulfs and digests foreign cells |
| Platelet | cell fragment released by bone marrow |
| Lymph | fluid lost by the blood into surrounding tissue |
| Pharynx | muscular tube at the end of the gastrovasular cavity, or throat, that connects the mouth with the rest of the digestive tract and serves as a passageway for air and food |
| Larynx | structure in the throat containing the vocal cords |
| Aveolus | tiny stimulant drug in tobacco that increases heart rate and blood pressure |
| Trachea | windpipe; tube through which air moves |
| Bronchus | passageway leading from the trachea to a lung |
| Diaphragm | large, flat muscle at the bottom of the chest cavity that contracts during breathing pulling the bottom of the chest cavity down and increasing its volume |
| Emphysema | disease in which the tissues of the lungs lose elasticity making breathing very difficult |
Created by:
HanBeth07
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