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science chap.14
making notes
Question | Answer |
---|---|
what is the definition of temperature? | temperature is a measure of how hot(or cold) something is; specifically, a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object |
What is the definition of thermometer? | A thermometer is an instrument that measures and indicates temperature |
What is the definition of heat? | Heat is the energy transferred between objects that are at different temperatures |
What is the definition of absolute zero? | Absolute zero is the temperature at which molecular energy is at a minimum( 0 K the Kelvin scale or -273.15 degrees Celsius on the Celsius scale) |
what is the definition of thermal conduction? | Thermal conduction is the transfer of energy as heat through a material |
What is the definition of convection? | Convection is the movement of matter due to differences in density that are caused by temperature variations |
What is the definition of convection current? | Convection current is any movement of matter that results from differences in density; may be vertical, circular, or cyclical |
What is the definition of radiation? | Radiation is the energy that is transferred as electromagnetic waves, such as visible light and infrared waves |
What is the definition of specific heat?? | Specific heat is the quantity of heat required to raise a unit mass of homogenous material 1K or 1 degree Celsius in a specified way given constant pressure and volume |
What is the definition of entropy? | Entropy is a measure of the randomness or disorder of a system |
What is the definition of a heat engine? | A heat engine is a machine that transforms heat into mechanical energy, or work |
What kind of things do people take temperature readings on? | People take temperature readings on air outside to decide what to wear, to find out if you are ill, and if the turkey is done or not |
what is being measured when you are taking temperature readings? | When you are taking temperature readings you are measuring the kinetic energy |
What is the temperature of a substance proportional to? | The temperature of a substance is proportional to the average kinetic energy of the substance's particles |
what are many decisions made based on? | Many decisions are made based on temperature |
What do all particles have? | All particles have kinetic energy |
What are all particles in a substance doing? | All particles in a substance are constantly moving |
What do each of the particles have because they are moving? | Each particle has kinetic energy because they are moving |
What is temperature related to? | Temperature is related to the kinetic energy of particles |
What happens when the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object increase? | When the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object increases, the object's temperature increases |
example of this | the particles in a hot car hood move faster than particles in a cool car hood because the hot particles have more kinetic energy |
is it possible to find the kinetic energy of every particle in an object? | It is impossible to find the kinetic energy of every particle in an object and calculate their average energy |
What do most substances do when their temperature increases? | Most substances expand when their temperature increases |
What |