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geology
the study of things that make up earth
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| metamorphic rock | a rock formed by extreme heat and pressure. |
| cleavage | when a mineral breaks smoothly. there are no jagged edges. |
| plate tectonics | the movement of plates |
| renewable resources | natural resources that can be produced as quickly as we use them (trees, geothermal energy, hydroelectricity, wind power, biomass etc...) |
| nonrenewable resources | resources that cannot be replaced or that we use to quickly for it to replenish |
| erosion | the movement of sediment caused by gravity, water and wind. |
| climate | the average weather in an area over a long period of time. |
| faulting | breaking and cracking of earths surface. this can also cause mountains and hills to form. |
| chemical weathering | changes the actual object (ex. oxidation can change iron into rust and this cannot be changed back to iron) |
| mechanical weathering | breaks a whole object into sediment and pieces. |
| Moh's hardness scale | a scale that tells the hardness of certain minerals on a scale of 1-10 (talc is the softest and is numbered 1; diamonds are the hardest and is numbered 10) |
| cementation | sediment being pushed together to form a sedimentary rock |
| sedimentary rock | rock that is formed by pieces of "earth (rocks and organic decay) |
| intrusive igneous rock | molten rock that has cooled and hardened inside of earth |
| extrusive igneous rock | molten rock that has cooled and hardened outside of earth *at the surface |
| rock cycle | the process that rock must go through to form |
| minerals are made of... | various elements |
| rocks are made of... | various minerals and sediment |
| specific gravity is... | the weight of a mineral compared with an equal volume of water |
| EARTH INSIDE... | solid inner core; liquid outer core; semi solid mantle and relatively solid crust |
| earths crust is abundant is what? | silicon and aluminum |
| ore | a rock that contains metal that can be extracted and exchanged for a profit |
| foliated | layers |
| non-foliated | no pattern |
| continental drift | explanation of how larger landmasses became our seven small continents |
| deposition | settlement of sediment in another area different from the place it originally came from |
| fossil fuels | a nonrenewable resource formed by dead plants and animals that we use todays to produce energy |
| paleontology | the study of the past |
| uniformitarianism | the theory that states earths surface changes slowly and events happening today can be explained by the past or vice-versa |
| superposition | the law that states that if not bothered or tampered with, the oldest rock layers should be at the bottom while the newer rock layers should be on top |
| strata | rock layers |
| the 2 types of crust are... | oceanic and continental |
Created by:
jhameriaforever
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