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Anxiety Disorders
Nursing
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Define anxiety | Feelings of uneasiness, uncertainty, and helplessness It is also a response to a real or imagined threat or stress. |
| Levels of anxiety | Mild, moderate, severe, and panic |
| Mild anxiety | Vs remain stable. Usually there is an identifiable cause. Can can an increased motivation, and possibly irritability |
| Moderate anxiety | Slightly elevated vs. Can be redirected. Causes agitation ,muscle tightness, and selective inattention |
| Severe anxiety | Not easily redirected. Rational thought is gone. Inability to function. Ritualistic habits may develop. Fight or flight (sympathetic) time distortion. Vs increased. |
| Panic | Loss of rational thought,distorted perceptions, possible delusions unable to take in stimuli may feel completely out of control. |
| Panic Disorder | Panic attacks, brief periods of fear or discomfort. Symptoms develop abruptly, peak at 10 minutes, and are usually gone within 15. |
| Panic attack criteria | Must have at least 4: palpitations, pounding or accelerated hr, Sweating Trembling/shaking Soa Chest pain Nausea Feeling dizzy/faint Feelings of unreality (derealization) Fear of dying Fear of losing control Paresthesia Chills or hot |
| 2 types of panic disorder | Agoraphobic Non agoraphobic |
| Phobic disorders | Agoraphobic Non agoraphobic like spiders Internal fear reaction |
| OCD | Obsessed, thoughts. Compulsive, the behavior in reaction to the thoughts. Equal in men and women They are aware that they are behaving irrationally but can't stop. |
| Treatment for phobias | Systematic desensitization - exposed 1 step at a time flooding- rapidly and repeatedly exposing them. |
| Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD) | Broad long lasting excessive anxiety. Usually develops in adolescents. Can't concentrate long enough to complete a task. Sleep disturbances, tension, IBS, headaches, and substance abuse |
| Risk factors for anxiety | Female Traumatic event Triggers Substance induced anxiety |
| Defense Mechanism | Helps to avoid negative emotions. Not consciously aware of the use of these. |
| Displacement (Defense Mechanism) | Redirecting to another person Ex: my boss yelled at me so I am going to yell at you. |
| Undoing (Defense Mechanism ) | "Take away" inappropriate action Ex: honey I am so sorry I beat you here are some roses |
| Reaction formation (Defense Mechanism ) | Dude thinks that he might be gay so he bangs a shit load of chicks |
| Intellectualization (Defense Mechanism ) | Focusing on the technical or logical aspects Ex: my husband died because he was supposed to get his bp medicine at 3 and you brought it at 315 |
| Isolation (Defense Mechanism ) | A soilder humorously describes how he was wounded in battle |
| Stress reaction | Behavioral and emotional response to a stressful event |
| Acute stress disorder | Lasts 2 to 4 weeks Usually 4 weeks to 1 month after the event |
| PTSD | 3 months post event May last 3 months or longer PHD = Magic number 3 |
| Interventions for anxiety | Cognitive reframing helping a person develop + thoughts to replace the - thoughts. Relaxation techniques Modeling imitation of desired behavior |
| Additional interventions for anxiety | Medication monitor for side effects Positive reinforcement reward or praise good behavior structured and safe environment |
| Medication for anxiety | Anxiolytics like diazepam or valium Non barbiturate like BuSpar Mood stabilizer like lithium |
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100000839384613
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