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1406 TEST 5
OPTIONAL CELL DIVISION (MITOSIS & MEIOSIS)
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What are the 4 bases of DNA? | adenine, thymine, guanine, cytosine |
| What are the base-pairing rules for DNA? | A-T; C-G |
| What determines the differnce in a species DNA from another species? | base sequence for proteins |
| When DNA replication begins the 2 DNA strands | unwind |
| DNA replication will require, a DNA template, free nucleotides, and _____________. | DNA polymerase |
| Asexually produced daughter cells are | identical each other and identical to the mother cell |
| Sexual reproduction results in new combination of | genetic traits |
| If meiosis did not occur in sexually reproducing organisms, the ___________________ would double in the offspring. | chromosome number |
| If a parent has 16 chromosomes and undergoes meiosis, the daughter cells will have | 8 |
| If the diploid number of an organism is 28, the haploid number is | 14 |
| If the haploid number of an organism is 17, the diploid number is | 24 |
| Chromosomes that are the same size, have genes for the same characteristics in same location, found in pairs, and pair up during meiosis are | homologous |
| How many daughter cells produced in meiosis? | 4 |
| How many daughter cells produced in mitosis? | 2 |
| The longest portion of the cell cycle is | interphase; (90%) of the time |
| Chromosomes will replicate during ______ phase. | S |
| Chromatids that are attached at the centromere are called what kind of chromatid? | sister |
| During G2, most of the cell's activity is directed toward | making the proteins that drive mitosis |
| The spindle apparatus is made up of | microtubules |
| The nuclear membrane will disappear during | prophase |
| The chromosomes are lined up at the equator during | metaphase |
| The spindle apparatus becomes visible during | prophase |
| What type of proteins help extend the microtubules in the correct direction? | motor proteins |
| The centromeres split during | anaphase |
| The sister chromatids are visibly separated during | anaphase |
| The chromosomes are moving to the opposite poles during | anaphase |
| The chromosomes have arrived at opposite poles during | telophase |
| The nuclear membrane will begin to reform during | telophase |
| What is the proper sequence of phases in mitosis? | prophase, metaphase, anaphase, telophase |
| In which phase or phase will the chromosome consist of 2 strands? | prophase, metaphase |
| Strickly speaking, mitosis is a division of | chromosomes and the nucleus |
| The cytoplasm is divided amoung 2 daughter cells during | cytokinesis |
| Which would allow a faster adaption to a changing environment? Sexual, asexual, or both | both asexual (increase numbers) and sexual ( increase in varition) |
| What process is absolutely necessary for sexual reproduction to occur in a life cycle, but is not necessary for organisms that reproduce by asexual means? | meiosis |
| The final result of meiosis is | gametes receive one member of each pair of homologous chromosomes |
| In meiosis, sister chromatids separate during | |
| What is chromsome condition of each daughter cell formed during telophase 1 | haploid |
| Homologous chromosomes separate during | anaphase 1 |
| Crossing over usually occurs during which phase of meiosis? | prophase 1 |
| The altering of the composition of chromosomes and results in a new combination of genes occurs during an event called | crossing over |
| Which phase will show the chromosomes as a packet of 4 chromatids? | prophase 1 |
| Crossing over will | increase the variability in gametes |
| Gamete formation is | the formation of sex cells (sperm and egg) |
| What are 4 causes of variation in sexual reproduction? | 1. crossing over 2. random alignment of chromosomes during meiosis 3. genetic recombination of alleles 4. fertilization from 2 sources |
| Which is more like mitosis, Meiosis 1 or Meiosis 2? | Meiosis 2; produces 2 identical daughter cells |
| How many daughter cells are produced by mitosis? Meiosis? | 2; 4 |
| Synapsis occurs in mitosis or meiosis? | meiosis |
| Chromatids are present in mitosis or meiosis? | both |
| Mitosis or meiosis; alternate forms of genes are shuffled. | Meiosis |
| Mitosis or meiosis; parental DNA is divided and distributed to forming gametes. | meiosis |
| Mitosis or meiosis; the diploid number of chromosomes is reduced to haploid. | meiosis |
| Mitosis or meiosis; offspring are provided with new gene combination. | meiosis |
| Mitosis or meiosis; the diploid chromosome number is maintained. | mitosis |
| Mitosis or meiosis; the daughter cells produced are body cells | mitosis |
| Which phase in meiosis is the formation of tetrads present. | prophase 1 |
| Which phase in meiosis is there recombination of DNA via crossing over. | prophase 1 |
| By the end of which phase of meiois will the homologous chromosome number be reduced by one half. | anaphase 1 |
| Which phase of meiosis separates sister chromatids. | anaphase 2 |
| Which phase of meiosis produces a haploid cell? | telophase 1 |
| Which phase of meiosis shows a chiasmata? | prophase 1 |
| Which phase of meiosis separates homologous chromosomes? | anaphase 1 |
| In which phase of meiosis can new genetic combinations (which help in natural selection) are present? | prophase 1 |
Created by:
hembreeb72
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