one flat, or nearly flat, bone surface glides or slips over another.

increase or decrease the angle between two bones.

decreases the angle of the joint and brings the articulating bones closer together. (backwards)

increases the angle between the articulating bones. (forwards)

the movement of a limb (or fingers) away from the midline body. (or hand)

the movement of a limb (or fingers) toward the midline of the body. (or hand)

moving a limb so that it describes a cone in the air.

turning of the bone along its own axis.

rotating the forearm laterally so that the palm faces anteriorly or superiorly.

rotating the arm medially so that the palm faces posteriorly or inferiorly.

turns the sole of the foot so it faces medially.

turns the sole of the foot so it faces laterally.

moves the mandible anteriorly, just the jaw forward.

returns the mandible to its original position.

lifting a body part superiorly.

to move an elevated body part inferiorly.

occurs when you touch your thumb to the fingers on the same hand.

flat articular surfaces, allow gliding and transitional movements.

cylindrical projection that nests in a trough-shaped structure, allows movement along a single plane.

a rounded structure that protrudes into a sleeve or ring, and allow uni-axial rotation of a bone around a long axis.

Condyloid (ellipsoid)

consist of an oval articular surface that nests in a complementary depression, and permit all angular movements.

consist of each articular surface bearing complementary concave and convex areas, and allow more freedom of movement than condyloid joints.

Ball-in-socket-joints

consist of spherical or hemispherical structure that articulates with a cuplike structure. They are the most freely moving joints and allow multiaxial movements.

femoropatellar joint, lateral and medial joints between the femoral condyles, and the menisci or the tibia. Known collectively as the tibiofemoral.

stable and smoothly operating hinge joint that allows flexation and extension only. Stability ligaments: anular, ulnar collateral, radial.

Shoulder (Glenohumeral) joint

most freely moving joint in the body. Reinforcement ligaments are coracohumeral ligment and three glenohumeral ligments.

ball-in-socket joint that provides a good range of motion.

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Synovial Joints

Synovial joints and movements

Term	Definition
Gliding movement	one flat, or nearly flat, bone surface glides or slips over another.
Angular movements	increase or decrease the angle between two bones.
Flexion	decreases the angle of the joint and brings the articulating bones closer together. (backwards)
Extension	increases the angle between the articulating bones. (forwards)
Abduction	the movement of a limb (or fingers) away from the midline body. (or hand)
Adduction	the movement of a limb (or fingers) toward the midline of the body. (or hand)
Circumduction	moving a limb so that it describes a cone in the air.
Rotation	turning of the bone along its own axis.
Supination	rotating the forearm laterally so that the palm faces anteriorly or superiorly.
Pronation	rotating the arm medially so that the palm faces posteriorly or inferiorly.
Inversion	turns the sole of the foot so it faces medially.
Eversion	turns the sole of the foot so it faces laterally.
Protraction	moves the mandible anteriorly, just the jaw forward.
Retraction	returns the mandible to its original position.
Elevation	lifting a body part superiorly.
Depression	to move an elevated body part inferiorly.
Opposition	occurs when you touch your thumb to the fingers on the same hand.
Plane joints	flat articular surfaces, allow gliding and transitional movements.
Hinge joints	cylindrical projection that nests in a trough-shaped structure, allows movement along a single plane.
Pivot joints	a rounded structure that protrudes into a sleeve or ring, and allow uni-axial rotation of a bone around a long axis.
Condyloid (ellipsoid)	consist of an oval articular surface that nests in a complementary depression, and permit all angular movements.
Saddle joints	consist of each articular surface bearing complementary concave and convex areas, and allow more freedom of movement than condyloid joints.
Ball-in-socket-joints	consist of spherical or hemispherical structure that articulates with a cuplike structure. They are the most freely moving joints and allow multiaxial movements.
Knee joint	femoropatellar joint, lateral and medial joints between the femoral condyles, and the menisci or the tibia. Known collectively as the tibiofemoral.
Elbow joint	stable and smoothly operating hinge joint that allows flexation and extension only. Stability ligaments: anular, ulnar collateral, radial.
Shoulder (Glenohumeral) joint	most freely moving joint in the body. Reinforcement ligaments are coracohumeral ligment and three glenohumeral ligments.
Hip (coxal) joint	ball-in-socket joint that provides a good range of motion.

Created by: jodidarko

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