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C.R.C.T Science
Everything we need for sixth grade science
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| One Year | One revolution of the Earth around the sun. 365 days |
| One day | one rotation of the earth on its axis |
| Equinoxes | When there is an equal amount of daylight and darkness; spring& fall |
| Solstices | Longest and shortest days of the year. Day is longer than night or vice-versa |
| Solar eclipse | Moon is positioned between the earth and the sun; shadows from the earth and the moon cause eclipses |
| Lunar eclipse | The earth is positioned between the the sun and the moon; shadows from earth and moon cause eclipses |
| Inner planets | Mercury, Venus, Earth, Mars are mostly solid they are denser than the outer planets |
| Outer planets | Jupiter,Saturn,Uranus,Neptune. Gaseous planets |
| Big Bang theory | States that the universe began as a point of energy and matter that exploded which allowed everything in the universe to form |
| Seasons | occur because of the earths axis |
| Gravity | a force that hold all objects of the solar system in place |
| Moon | moon's shadow is why we see phases of the moon |
| Asteroid belt | Separates the inner planets from the outer planets |
| Irregular galaxy | no particular form/shape |
| Elliptical galaxy | oval shaped |
| Spiral galaxy | Frisbee shaped |
| Comet | Chunk of rock and ice, orbits the sun like a planet. Its tail is made when heat from the sun melts the ice and is released into space |
| Meteor | Happens because of the friction of the earth's atmosphere making the meteoroid burn up |
| Meteoriod | Rocks in space |
| Meteorite | A meteoriod that hit the earth's surface is then considered a meteorite |
| Spring tide | When the Earth,Moon,and Sun are all aligned in orbit, very high tides can occur |
| Neap tides | When the Earth,Moon,and Sun form a 90 degree angle, tides are lower than usual |
| Apparent magnitude | How a star appears from the earth |
| Magnitude | Describes a stars brightness |
| Light year | The distance light can travel in one year. It is used to measure extreme distances in space |
| Novas& Super Novas | Exploding stars in space |
| Quasars | are star like objects, that are brighter than stars. Considered to be luminous |
| Pulsars | Stars that pulsate when this happens stars appear to become dimmer and then brighter |
| Electromagnetic Spectrum | The arrangement of electromagnetic waves. Ex. Radio waves, x-rays, microwave |
| Reflecting telescopes | Uses lenses and mirrors to view distant objects |
| Refracting telescopes | Uses lenses to view distant objects |
| Satellite | any natural or man made object that revolves around anther object |
| Asteriod | A large meteoroid in space |
| Constellations | patterns of stars in the sky,can provide a map to locate objects in space |
| Astronomical unit | used sometimes to refer to distances in space |
| Black hole | collapsed star t=whose gravity has grown so great that even light can not escape its atmosphere |
| Geocentric Theory | States that earth is at the center of the solar system |
| Heliocentric Theory | States that the sun is at the center of the solar system |
| Solar System | The sun,planets,and everything else that revolves around the sun. Milky way galaxy |
| Photosphere | The part of the sun that we can see form earth |
| Nuclear fusion | The joining of hydrogen atoms together to make helium atoms |
| Nuclear fission | The splitting of atoms from elements like uranium, which is used on earth to make energy to produce electricity at nuclear power plants |
| Luminous | Gives off its on light |
| Illuminated | Reflects light from other objects |
| Metamorphic rock | Rock that is created by changing other rocks by heat and pressure inside the earth |
| Mineral mica | Breaks with cleavage because the atoms have a regular arrangement which allow this to happen |
| Cleavage | Breaking along smooth flat surfaces |
| Hot spot | Magma rising through the crust of the earth in the same area for a very long time |
| Plate tectonics | The movement of earths crust |
| Coal | Nonrenewable, formed from dead plants that lived millions of years ago. Three diferent types of coal anthracite,bituminous,lignite |
| Anthracite coal | best fro burning because it burns hot and clean which is good for electrical plants |
| Nonrenewable resource | A resource that can not be created at the pace it is being used |
| Renewable resource | resources that can be used over and over again and they will not run out |
| Biomass | living things like trees |
| Erosion | When a weathered material is being moved to a different place by a force, like wind |
| Regional climate | average of all weather conditions in an area over an extended period of time |
| Faulting | breaking and cracking of the earth's crust, during this cracks can happen but hills and mtns. can be formed as well |
| Transform Boundary | Plates sliding past each other. Strike slip fault,shear stress |
| Divergent boundary | Plates moving away . Normal fault,tension stress |
| Convergent boundary | Plates colliding. Reverse fault compression stress |
| Halite | breaks with cleavage and at 90 degree right angles to each other. when halite breaks it looks like cubes |
| Limestone | A lot of the element calcium, can be worn down by other chemicals in the enviornment |
| Chemical weathering | wearing down other elements by the chemicals in the enviornment |
| Mechanical weathering | caused by physical processes like moving water |
| Till&Moraine | debris that are picked up and carried by the glacier |
| Moh's Mineral | scale numbered from one to ten on a mineral hardness |
| Crystal structure | how the crystals in a mineral are formed |
| Compaction | Sediments being pushed together |
| Sedimentary rock | when a rock has gone through the process of Weathering Erosion Deposition Compaction Cementation |
| Igneous rock | can form inside or outside the earth's surface. They are made from magma or lava |
| Granite | a very hard intrusive igneous rock |
| Pluton | giant area formed by cooling magma undergroung |
| Rock cycle | the process of changing a rock from one form to another |
| Shield volcanoe | gently sloping side layers of lava build up creating it |
| Cinder cone volcanoe | steep side,made of tephra, loosely packed materials like ash and dust |
| Composite | looks like a regular mountain with layers of tephra and lave building up |
| Primary earth quake waves | fastest waves |
| Secondary earth quake waves | second fastest |
| surface earth quake waves | third fastest |
| Richter scale | measure the strength of and earthquake |
| Seismograph | instrument that picks up seismic waves |
| Seismologist | scientist that studies earthquakes |
| Specific gravity | it is the ration of the weight of a mineral compared with an equal volume of water |
| Lithosphere | made of the oceanic and continental crust |
| silicon dioxide | sand |
| Ore | a rock that contains metal that can be extracted and used to help humanity |
| Foliated rocks | rocks that from in layers |
| nonfoliated rocks | rocks that do not form in layers |
| cementation | when rocks or particles appear to be glued together |
| continental drift | scientific process used by scientists to explain how one large landmass millions of years ago became the seven continents we know today |
| Deposition | depositing sediments in an area and layers can build up over time |
| Fossil fuels | are nonrenewable, caol, oil |
| Topographic map | a map that shows changes in elelvation |
| Stalacites | cone feature hanging from the top of a cave |
| Stalagmites | cone feature building up from the bottom of the cave |
| Paleontologist | Scientist that studies fossils |
| Paleontology | the study of the past,like fossils and dinosaurs |
| Uniformitarianism | the belief that geologic processes of the past are happening just like they are today, like erosion |
| Catastrophism | the idea that geological change happens suddenly, like an earthquake |
| Superposition | states that younger rocks are found on top of older rocks |
| Seafloorspreading | occurs at mid ocean ridges |
| Seismology | the study of earthquakes |
| Eons | longest time catgory |
| Eras | second longest time period |
| Periods | third largest time period |
| Epochs | fourth largest time period |
| Anticline | formation in which rock layers have been folded upward |
| Syncline | rock layers have been folded downward |
| Convection | when air is heated by sunlight. the air expands rises and eventually turns into a cloud |
| Clouds | form when dense,cold air pushes warm air upward. the air cools and condednses |
| Gulf stream | warm ocean current that can affect the climate of of the northern eastern part of the united states |
| Hail | droplet freeze and grow larger until the force of gravity overcomes the strength of the wind pushing the ice pellets upward |
| Water vaper | humidity |
| Front | boundaries between air masses |
| Cold front | separates cold air from warm air |
| Warm front | separates warm air from cold air |
| Global winds | high pressure polar air and low pressure equatorial air |
| Solar radiation | waves of energy from the sun produce heat on earth |
| Tides | The sun and moon's gravitational pull on the earth making the rise and fall of the ocean |
| Sea&land breezes | the land heats and cools faster than water |
| Hygrometer of psychrometer | measures the amount of humidity in the air |
| Dew point tempurature | the actual tempurature of the air it has to be in order for water vapor to condenses |
| Sea breeze | breeze blowing towards the land from the sea,happens during the day |
| Land breeze | breeze blowing towards the sea from the land,happens at night |
| Aquifer | is a very large area underground that can supply water to thousands of people |
| Earth's water | 70% water 30% land,oceans make up 97% of earth's water 3% is fresh water of which most is glacier and ice caps |
| Subduction | when one plate moves under another |
| Cirrus cloud | high clouds made of ice crystals |
| Cumulus cloud | middle height clouds made of water vapor, fair weather clouds, seen in summer |
| Cumulonimbus clouds | thunderstorm clouds that can produce hail, rain, lightning and tornadoes |
| Nimbostratus cloud | rain clouds that produce drizzle or steady rain but no real sever weather |
| Troposhpere | the lowest layer of earth's atmosphere in which 99% of all weather occurs |
| Stratosphere | above the troposphere and contains the ozone layer that protects us from the sun's harmful rays |
| Greenhouse effect | when carbon dioxide and water vapor trap the sun's heat in earth's atmosphere |
| Coriolis effect | cause air to move left in the southern hemisphere and right in the northern hemisphere |
| Long shore current | movement of water parallel to the beach or coastline |
Created by:
imanster
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