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Space/Astronomy
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| One Year | 1 revolution of Earth around sun (365 days) |
| One Day | Rotation of Earth on its axis (24 hours) |
| Equinox | Equal amount of daylight and darkness during Spring and Fall. |
| Solstices | Longest and shortest days of the year. This occurs around June and December 21st. |
| Solar Eclipse | The moon is positioned between the sun and Earth. (The sun blocked out by moon) |
| Lunar Eclipse | Earth is positioned between the sun and moon. (The moon is in Earth's shadow) |
| Inner and Outer Planets (Characteristics) | Inner Planets= Denser, rocky Outer Planets= Gas planets |
| Moon revolution around Earth | 28 Days; The moon will go through all of its phases |
| Big Bang Theory | It was how the universe was created; The universe started as a small point and then exploded |
| Why are there seasons? | The tilt of Earth at 23.5 degrees. Without the tilt, the seasons would be the same |
| Earth's axis and rotation | We have day and night because of the rotation on Earth's axis. |
| Floating objects in space | Earth's gravity becomes weaker as it extends out; Some objects are not effected by Earth's gravity because they are too far away. |
| Moon's phases | It appears the change shape because it revolves around Earth. It can be waxing (gaining lighted area), or waning (losing lighted area). [Crescent and gibbous] |
| Two things that affect the shadow | 1. Position of the light source 2. Position of the object |
| Asteroid Belt | Located between Mars and Jupiter; Separates Inner and outer planets |
| Three types of galaxies | Irregular (No definite shape) Elliptical (oval shaped) Spiral (Frisbee shaped) |
| Comet | Chunk of ice and rock that orbits the sun; The tail is made when the heat burns off the ice (points away from sun); Comets come from Kuiper Belt or Oort Cloud |
| Meteor | Chunk of rock and metal; Called a meteoroid when it enters Earth's atmosphere; Called meteorite when it strikes earth's surface |
| Spring tides | The sun, moon, and Earth are aligned in a straight line; High tides occur |
| Neap Tides | The sun, moon, and Earth are positioned in a 90 degree angle; Tides are lower than usual |
| Apollo Space | A program that reached the moon |
| Gravity | The closer an object is to a planet or star, the stronger gravity is |
| Magnitude | Star's brightness |
| Apparent magnitude | How a star appears from Earth |
| Absolute Magnitude | How bright a star actually is |
| Star Brightness | stars more orange and red are cooler than blue and white (hottest stars) |
| Light Year | Distance light can travel in one year |
| Novas and Supernovas | Exploding stars in space |
| Quasars | Star- like objects; Brighter than stars |
| Pulsars | Stars that pulsate (Appears to dim while it is growing brighter) |
| Electromagnetic Spectrum | Arrangement of electromagnetic waves (Microwaves, radio waves) |
| Two types of telescopes that use visible light | Reflecting (Uses lenses and mirrors for distant objects) Refracting (Uses lenses to view distant objects) |
| Radio, X-ray, Infrared, and Gamma Ray Telescopes | Use invisible waves from the electromagnetic spectrum to make images on computer screens of distant objects |
| Satellite | Natural or manmade object that revolves or orbits around another object |
| Asteroid | A large piece of meteoroid in space |
| The moon's atmosphere | No atmosphere; erosion and weathering cannot take place here because there aren't any atoms or molecules |
| Outer Planets | All have rings (Jupiter has four moons and Saturn has the most rings) |
| Earth and the Solar System | Earth is the only planet in the solar system that can support life (Oxygen, water, and sufficient climates) |
| Constellations | Patterns of stars in the sky; It can provide a map to locate objects in space |
| AU (Astronomical Unit) | Sometimes refer to distance in space; One Au is 93 million, or the distance from the Sun to Earth |
| Gravitational Pulls | A larger object in space will have a stronger gravitational pull than a smaller object; The moon has a pull that is one-sixth the weight on Earth |
| Life anywhere else than Earth? | There is currently no life in the universe besides Earth |
| Black Hole | A collapsed star whose gravity has grown so great that light cannot escape the atmosphere |
| Space Probe | Launched into space to travel distant areas while sending back information using electromagnetic waves |
| Space Shuttle | A rocket that takes off into space but lands like an airplane |
| Space Station | Allows astronauts to stay and orbit Earth for months at a time |
| Geocentric Theory | The theory that Earth was the center of the solar system- Ptloemy |
| Heliocentric Theory | The theory that the Sun was the center of the solar system- Copernicus |
| Solar system, galaxy, universe | Solar system (Everything that orbits the sun) Galaxy (The Milky Way) Universe (Stars, nebulas, gas in space, asteroids, comets, etc. |
| Star Clusters | Stars can be grouped in globular or open clusters; Millions of stars can be grouped in this formation. |
| Photosphere | The photosphere of our sun is the part we see from Earth |
| Sun light to Earth | It takes about eight minutes for the sun to reach Earth (186,000 miles/second) |
| How do stars make their energy | Nuclear Fusion (joining of hydrogen atoms to make helium atoms) |
| Is the universe still expanding today? | Yes; Scientists say so |
| Luminous | Something gives off its own light |
| Illuminated | Something reflects off light from other objects |
Created by:
Divya Parmar
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