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Bio Lab 5

QuestionAnswer
What is pulmonary ventilation? It is the inhalation and exhalation of air and involves the exchange of air between atmosphere and alveoli in lungs.
What are 3 things that affect pulmonary ventilation? Surface tension, compliance of lungs and resistance
What is internal (tissue) respiration? exchange of gases between blood in systemic capillaries and tissue cells. Blood gains CO2 and loses O2.
What is external (pulmonary) respiration? Exchange of gases between alveoli of the lungs and blood in pulmonary capillaries across the resp. membrane. Blood gains O2 and loses CO2.
What are asthma attacks caused by? Smooth muscle spasms in the bronchial tree. These can cause the airway to close. Structures that close are the bronchioles and alveolis but the whole tree doesn't close because of smooth muscle.
What is emphysema? Destructive changes of alveolar walls which results in large air filled spaces due to over-inflation. Loss of lung elasticity, and decreased gas exchange.
How can changes in alveolar structure cause a decrease in blood O2 levels in an individual with emphysema? Reduced surface area for gas exchange and decreased diffusion of O2 from the alveoli to the pulmonary capillaries.
Signs and Symptoms accompanying emphysema? SOB, Increased resp. rate, decreased O2 sats., inability to lie down, tachycardia.
Created by: Lillejoa
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