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Micro CH14

QuestionAnswer
Defenses that are present at birth and provide nonspecific resistance to infection are known as ______ or _____ defenses. Innate or natural
Defenses that are specific and must be acquired are known as _____ _____ Adaptive immunities
What is the first line of defense? Any barrier that blocks at a portal of entry - nonspecific.
What is the second line of defense? Protective cells and fluids, phagocytosis and inflammation - nonspecific
What is the third line of defense? It is acquired with exposure to foreign substance, produces protective antibodies and creates memory cells - specific
Mucociliary Escalator Cilia that move mucus up and out of the respiratory tract
What are 3 things that a healthy immune system does? Seeks (WBCs), ID (recognize nonself [foreign]), Destroy
Immunology The study of the body's 2nd and 3rd lines of defense.
What are the 4 major subdivisions of the immune system? Reticuloendothelial system, Extracellular fluid, Bloodstream, Lymphatic System
Pathogen-associated patterns (PAMPS) "Red flags" on any nonself molecules
Pathogen-recognition receptors Receptors on WBCs for PAMPS
Pluripotential Potential to become any type of blood cell
Granulocytes Have a lobed nucleus
Agranulocytes Have a rounded nucleus, unlobed
Granulocytes Basophils, Eosinophils, Neutrophils
Mast Cells Release histamine
Agranulocytes Lymphocytes, B cells, T cells, Monocytes, Macrophages
Inflammatory response signs Redness, Warmth, Swelling, Pain
Diapedesis Migration of cells out of blood vessels into the tissues
Chemotaxis Chemical "Bread crumb" trail that leads WBCs to site of injury/infection
Pyrogens Increase body temperature (fever)
Exogenous pyrogens products of infectious agents
Endogenous pyrogens Occur during phagocytosis
Fever benefits Inhibits multiplication of temperature-sensitive microorganisms, Impedes nutrition of bacteria by reducing the available iron, increases metabolism
Phagocytosis Survey body for microbes, dead cells, injured cells/ingest, eliminate these materials/extract immunogenic info from foreign matter
Interferons Often released from virus infected cells, they bind to the surface of other cells and tell them to produce an antiviral protein. The interferon releasing cell often dies.
Created by: wiveys
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