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Genetics Vocab 38-46
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Why is meiosis a reduction division? | because it results in the reduction of the chromosome number from diploid to haploid. |
| What are the stages of meiosis? | Prophase 1, Metaphase 1, Anaphase 1, Telophase 1, prophase 2, metaphase 2, anaphase 2, telophase 2 |
| What is crossing over and what stage of meiosis does this occur in? | the exchange of genes between homologous chromosomes, resulting in a mixture of parental characteristics in offspring.Occurs in prophase. |
| How is a chiasmata formed? | the point where two homologous non-sister chromatids exchange genetic material during chromosomal crossover during meiosis at the same locations (sister chromatids also form chiasmata between each other) |
| How does crossing over result in an exchange of alleles? | homologous chromosomes pair up at the same locations, break off and swap alleles. |
| What is the end product of meiosis? | 4 gametes that are genetically different. all haploid. |
| what 2 phases of meiosis create the most genetic variation in offspring? why? | Prophase 1 and Metaphase 2 because of random orientation. |
| what is Mendel's Law of independent assortment? | When gametes are formed,the separation of one pair of alleles between daughter cells is independent of the separation of another pair of alleles. |
| How does Mendel's Law of independent assortment relate to meiosis? (hint: metaphase 1) |