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Genetics Vocab 38-46

QuestionAnswer
Why is meiosis a reduction division? because it results in the reduction of the chromosome number from diploid to haploid.
What are the stages of meiosis? Prophase 1, Metaphase 1, Anaphase 1, Telophase 1, prophase 2, metaphase 2, anaphase 2, telophase 2
What is crossing over and what stage of meiosis does this occur in? the exchange of genes between homologous chromosomes, resulting in a mixture of parental characteristics in offspring.Occurs in prophase.
How is a chiasmata formed? the point where two homologous non-sister chromatids exchange genetic material during chromosomal crossover during meiosis at the same locations (sister chromatids also form chiasmata between each other)
How does crossing over result in an exchange of alleles? homologous chromosomes pair up at the same locations, break off and swap alleles.
What is the end product of meiosis? 4 gametes that are genetically different. all haploid.
what 2 phases of meiosis create the most genetic variation in offspring? why? Prophase 1 and Metaphase 2 because of random orientation.
what is Mendel's Law of independent assortment? When gametes are formed,the separation of one pair of alleles between daughter cells is independent of the separation of another pair of alleles.
How does Mendel's Law of independent assortment relate to meiosis? (hint: metaphase 1)
Created by: Kathleen Wright
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