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CRCT Science Review

Astronomy

TermDefinition
Asteroid belt located between mars and Jupiter; separates the terrestrial planets from the gas giants
types of galaxies irregular ( no definite shape ) elliptical ( oval shaped ), and spiral ( frisbee shaped ).
comet A chuck of rock and ice that orbits the sun in a long elliptical orbit.
Meteor A meteorite that completely burns in Earth's atmosphere.
Light year The distance light can travel in one year; used to measure extreme distances in space
Reflecting telescopes Use lenses and mirrors to view distant objects
Refracting telescopes Use lenses to view distant objects
Radio telescopes Gathers radio waves from space. Can be used in all weather and all times of the day or night.
Satellite Any natural or man made object that revolves around another object.
Asteroid A large chunk of rock orbiting the sun in a location between Mars and Jupiter.
Gas giants Gas atmospheres, rings, moons, larger orbits
Space probe tools sent to distant areas in space to collect and sending back information.
Milky Way our galaxy; spiral shaped
Spectroscope Tool used to determine the composition of stars.
Inner Planets Terrestrial, no rings, few to no moons
Meteorite meteoroid that strikes Earth's surface.
Mercury • Closest to the Sun. • no true atmosphere • temps range: -170C (-274F) to 425C (840F) • “planet of extremes” • No moons
Venus • “Earth’s twin”- similar size and mass • thick Carbon dioxide atmosphere • Greenhouse effect- • 864 F (average temp) • “Evening star” • Retrograde rotation- backwards spinning: East to West • No moons
Earth • 70% water • Atmosphere -mostly Nitrogen • Rotates West to East • 1 moon • Axis is tilted and causes seasons
Mars • “Red Planet” • Ice Caps • Thin atmosphere -mostly Carbon Dioxide • Axis is tilted & has seasons like Earth. • 2 moons- Phobos, Deimos
Jupiter • Most massive • “Great Red Spot”- storm of swirling high-pressure gas • Faint rings • 4 famous moons- Io, Callisto, Ganymede, Europa
Saturn • visible rings made of ice, dust, and rock. • 2nd most massive planet • Less dense than water (would float in water) • Largest moon (Titan)- is bigger than Mercury
Uranus • Methane Atmosphere • Bluish in color • Rotates from top to bottom (like a tire) • Faint rings that surround the planet vertically (up and down)
Neptune • Atmosphere has very visible clouds. • “great dark spot” • Faint rings • 8th and final planet
Created by: Awesomepaul115
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