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Sookdeo-Genetics

Genetics

QuestionAnswer
heredity characteristics received from an organism's parent
Gregor Mendel father of Genetics who discovered inheritance while working with garden pea plants
gene Segments of DNA found in chromosomes that gives instructions for producing a certain characteristic
allele Different “forms” of a gene
dominant “expressed” or seen in an organism Represented by a capital letter
recessive are not ‘expressed” if a dominant allele is present Represented by a lower case letter
phenotype The form of a trait that an organism displays (what it looks like)
genotype Organism’s genetic composition (two letter combination)
polygenic Inherited characteristics controlled by more than one gene Ex. skin, hair, eyes
complete dominance when you have one trait that is dominant over the other
incomplete dominance Neither allele is completely dominant or recessive Ex. red x white = pink
codominance express both the dominant and recessive trait Ex. spots, stripes or patterns
heterozygous He: when you have two different alleles Ex. Tt, Dd, Ee
homozygous Ho: when you have two of the same alleles Ex. TT, GG, xx, ff
hybrid same as heterozygous; Ex. Tt, Dd, Ee
punnett square a tool used to predict genotype of offsprings in a cross
pedigree traces the occurrence of a trait through generations of a family
generations P Generation: Parents F1 Generation: set of offspring from the parent F2 Generation: set of offspring from the F1 Generation
probability a chance that on possible outcome will occur
ratio an expression to compare two quantities
purebred same as homozygous; Ex. TT, GG, xx, ff
Created by: dsookdeo
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