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AP Bio Chapter 3

Stack #155940

WordDefinition
polar molecule opposite ends of the molecule have opposite charges
cohesion force holding a substance together
adhesion clinging of one substance to another
surface tension measure of how difficult it is to strech or break the surface of a liquid
kinetic energy the energy motion
heat measure of the total quantity of kinetic energy due to molecular motion in a body of matter
temperature measures the intesity of heat due to the average inetic energy of a molecule
celcius scale scale used for measureing temperature. water freezes at 0 and boils at 100.
calorie the amount of heat energy it takes to raise the temp. of 1g of water release when it cools by 1 degree celcius
kilocalorie 1000 cal
specific heat amount of heat that must be absorbed or lost for 1g of that substance to change it's temp. by 1 degree celcius
heat vaporization the quantity of heat a liquid must absorb for 1g of it to be convert from the liquid to the gaseous state
evaporative cooling the hottest molecules those with the greatest kinetic energy are most likely to leave the gas phase
solution two or more substances
solvent dissolving agent of a solution
solute substance that is dissolved
aqueous solution water is the solvent
hydrophilic a substance cannot dissolve because the molecules are too large
hydrophobic substance that is non ionic and non polar that repel water
mole is equal to the molecular weight of a substance
molecular weight sum of the weights of all of the atoms of a molecule
molarity number of moles per liter of solution
hydrogen ion a single proton with a charge of +1
hydroxide ion lost a proton with a charge of -1
acid increases the H+ concentration of a solution
base substance that reduces the hydrogen ion concentration in a solution
pH scale measure of hydrogen ion concentration equal to the -log[H+] and ranging in value from 0-14
buffers substances the minimize changes in the concentrations of the acids and bases in a solution
acid precipitation rain, snow, or fog more acidic than 5.6
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