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Nutrient cycles
ecosystems
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| List three ways aerobic and anaerobic systems aid nutrient cycles. | produce usable energy forms water and carbon dioxide conversion of nitrogen gas into a usable form |
| What is a producer? | an organism that can make it's own food, capture energy and use it to make organic molecules |
| What is a consumer? | organism that can not make it's own food and must rely on eating other organisms |
| Where do producers get their energy from? | sunlight |
| Why are producers so important in an ecosystem? | they are the ultimate source of food and energy for all consumers |
| What is a herbivore? | an organism that eats plants to get its energy from |
| What is an omnivore? | an organism that eats plants and animals to get its energy from |
| What is a carnivore? | an organism that eats other animals to get its energy from |
| Where do consumers get their energy from? | producers |
| What is a food chain? | model that shows how energy in the form of food passes from one organism to the next |
| What is the ultimate source of energy? | Sun |
| Why is there a limited number of trophic levels? | At each trophic level a lot of the energy is used to sustain that organism and is not available to the next level |
| What is a food web? | all the flood chains in an ecosystem, shows the flow of energy |
| Why do ecosystems need a continuous supply of eneryg? | At each level the amount of energy available is less than the previous level. |
| What is a nutrient cycle | movement or transfer of water and minerals through the ecosystem. carbon, water, oxygen and nitrogen |
| What are the three processes in the water cycle? | transpiration, evaporation, precipitation |
| What is transpiration? | process by which water evaporates from the leaves of plants |
| What is evaporation? | adds water as vapor to the atmosphere |
| What is precipitation? | rain, snow sleet, hail or fog. Process through which water leaves the atmosphere |
| What removes carbon from the atmosphere? | photosynthesis |
| What are 2 processes that add carbon to the atmosphere? | cellular respiration, burning fossil fuels |
| What are two processes that fix atmospheric nitrogen? | lightning, bacteria |
| What is nitrogen fixing? | converting nitrogen gas into nitrate |
| Why do plants and animals need nitrogen? | To make nucleic acids, and proteins (amino acids) |
| How must animals get nitrogen? | eating other plants and animals |
| What returns nitrogen to the atmosphere? | denitrifying bacteria, decomposers |
| What is a decomposer? | detritivores that break down complex molecules into simpler molecules making the nutrients available to autotrophs again |
| What is biomass? | organic material that has been produced in an ecosystem, source of energy. |
| What is a Detritivore? | consumers that feed on the garbage of the ecosystem. includes organisms that have recently died, fallen leaves and animal wastes. |
| What is an autotroph? | plants that manufacture their own food |
| What process removes carbon from the atmosphere? | photosynthesis |
| What process adds oxygen to the atmosphere? | photosynthesis |
| what is a trophic level? | an organisms relative position in a sequence of energy transfers |
Created by:
kathy.holtkamp
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