Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Nur-341
Exam #4 - Substance Abuse Disorders
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| What three ways do drugs increase neurotransmitter concentrations? | Lock onto receptors, lock onto neuron or prevent reuptake |
| What neurotransmitters are involved in addiction? | Dopamine, serotonin, acetylcholine, GABA, and glutamate |
| What are the two types of substance related disorders in the DSM-V? | Substance use disorders and substance induced disorders |
| What does it mean to have a dual diagnosis? | Substance abuse and psychiatric disorder |
| What does CAGE stand for? | Cut-down, annoyed, guilty, eye-opener |
| What is AUDIT used for? | A screening tool for alcohol use; a series of 10 questions scored 0-4; a score higher than 8 for men indicates a problem; a score higher than 7 indicates a problem for women |
| Name three CNS depressants? | Alcohol, barbiturates and benzodiazepines |
| What is the mechanism of action of alcohol? | Sedative affect by increasing GABA and decreasing glutamate |
| When does alcohol withdrawal begin? | Starts at 4-12 hours after last drink |
| What happens to vital signs with alcohol withdrawal? | Everything increases: HR, RR, BP, temperature |
| What older medication is used to promote abstinence from alcohol? | Disulfiram (Antabuse) |
| What opiate antagonist is used to promote abstinence from alcohol? | Naltrexone (Revia, Vivitrol) |
| What medication diminishes craving for alcohol by blocking receptors? | Trexone |
| What GABA agonist is used to promote abstinence from alcohol by exerting a calming, relaxing effect? | Acamprosate (Campral) |
| What effect do barbiturates exert? | Excessive drowsiness |
| Name two examples of barbiturates | Seconal (secobarbital) and Phenobarbital |
| Which class of CNS depressants are long acting and less harmful in overdose? | Benzodiazepines |
| Name four examples of benzodiazepines | Lorazepam (Ativan), Alprazolam (Xanax), Diazepam (Valium), Clonazepam (Klonopin) |
| Name the antidote for benzodiazepine respiratory depression | Flumazenil (Romazicon) |
| Name three drugs that are considered CNS stimulants. | Amphetamines, cocaine, and caffeine |
| What mode of action do amphetamines have? | Increase norepinephrine, dopamine and serotonin |
| Name four examples of amphetamines | Methamphetamine, dextroamphetamine, benzphetamine, ecstasy |
| What drug produces a high 12X that of sex? | Amphetamines |
| What is the most commonly used drug in the world? | Caffeine |
| Withdrawal from these two CNS stimulants includes intense cravings | Amphetamines and cocaine |
| What is the mode of action of cocaine? | Activates dopamine transmission in the limbic system |
| What can an overdose of opiates lead to? | Death by respiratory depression |
| What is the antidote for an opiate overdose? | Narcan |
| Withdrawal symptoms of this drug resembles the flu | Opiates |
| What antihypertensive medication is used to promote withdrawal/abstinence from opiates? | Clonidine (Catapres) |
| What controversial medication is used to promote withdrawal from opiates? | Methadone (Dolophine) |
| What partial opioid antagonist is used to promote withdrawal/abstinence from opiates and is taken sublingually? | Buprenorphine (Subutex, Suboxone) |
| What is the most common illicit drug in the U.S? | Cannabis (Marijuana) |
| There is a high rate of use of this illicit drug in people who present with a first psychosis | Marijuana |
| This class of drugs induces a psychotic state known as perceptual distortions | Hallucinogens |
| Name three examples of hallucinogens | LSD, Mescaline, PCP |
| Use of this hallucinogen can produce "bad trips" | LSD |
| Use of this hallucinogen can lead to desensitization and person can be hurt and not have a sense of it | PCP |
| This disorder describes intermittent flashbacks that occur for years post-use | Hallucinogen Persisting Perception Disorder |
| This drug acts as both a stimulant and a depressant | Nicotine |
| This drug mimics acetylcholine in the brain | Nicotine |
| This drug increases and prolongs the action of dopamine | Nicotine |
| This smoking-cessation medication is begun 2 weeks before the person actually quits smoking | Buproprion (Zyban) = Wellbutrin |
| This smoking-cessation medication is more effective than Zyban but has some serious psychiatric side effects | Varenicline (Chantix) |
| A genetic mutation of this gene can leave some people with a tendency towards anxiety, anger, and low self-esteem | DRD2 Gene |
| What does CIWA-Ar stand for? | Clinical Institute Withdrawal Assessment for Alcohol Revised |
| How is the CIWA-Ar used? | 10 withdrawal symptoms are rated on a scale of 0-7; if the total score is > 10, then benzodiazepines are needed for withdrawal (calms and prevents seizures) |
| What does IOP stand for? | Intensive Outpatient Program |
| At what stage of the transtheoretical model of change is a person ready to accept suggestions and strategies to change their drug use? | Preparation stage |
| What is the most common treatment for addiction? | Self-help groups |
Created by:
ssbourbon
Popular Nursing sets