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Blood BankingCh10-11
Practice test for Blood Banking 10-11. DelTech, Owens campus.
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| What is an adverse transfusion reaction? | An undesirable response or effect in a patient temporarily associated with the administration of blood or blood component. |
| What is the most commonly seen adverse transfusion reaction? | Chills and shaking. |
| Acute, immune mediated transfusion reactions include what 5 symptoms? Remember that these happen within 24 hours of a blood transfusion. | 1. hemolytic 2. febrile, nonhemolytic 3. allergic 4. anaphylactic 5. TRALI (transfusion related acute lung injury) |
| Acute, non-immune mediated transfusion reactions include what 3 symptoms? These will happen within 24 hours of the transfusion. | 1. Sepsis (often due to skin flora) 2. TACO (Transfusion associated circulatory overload) 3. physical hemolysis |
| Delayed immune mediated reactions (occurring after 24 hours of transfusion) include what 5 things? | 1. Hemolytic 2. Serologic/RBC 3. HLA alloimmunization 4. TA-GVHD (transfusion associate graft VS host disease) 5. posttransfusion purpura |
| Delayed transfusion reactions (after 24 hours) that are non-immune mediated include what 2 things? | 1. hemosiderosis 2. citrate toxicity |
| Acute hemolytic transfusion reactions (AHTRs) include the rapid destruction of __ within 24 hours of transfusion. | RBCs |
| The signs of acute hemolytic transfusion reactions (AHTRs) range in severity from __ to __. | fever to death |
| Acute hemolytic transfusion reactions (AHTRs)are usually due to ? | ABO incompatibility (resulting from clerical error) |
| As little as __ mL of incompatible blood can produce acute hemolytic transfusion reactions (AHTRs) within 15 to 20 mins of transfusion. | 10 mL (NOTE: some have seen it happen with as little as 1 mL, but 10 is the text book answer.) |
| Step 1 in the pathophysiology of AHTRs: antibodies bind to incompatible __ __. | RBC antigens |
| Step 2 in the pathophysiology of AHTRs: __ is activated which causes intravascular hemolysis. | complement (activated by IgM) |
| Step 3 in the pathophysiology of AHTRs: phagocytes are activated and release __. | cytokines |
| Step 4 in the pathophysiology of AHTRs: blood __, sometimes leading to DIC. | coagulates |
| What does TACO stand for? | Transfusion associated circulatory overload |
| What does TRALI stand for? | transfusion related acute lung injury |
| The final step in the pathophysiology of AHTRs is? | shock and renal failure |
| The clinical consequences of AHTRs (acute hemolytic transfusion reactions) include what 4 things? | 1. hypotension 2. DIC 3. irreversible shock 5. renal failure |
| Collection of blood from the __ __ is an ERROR that can lead to AHTRs (acute hemolytic transfusion reactions). | wrong patient |
| Incorrect __ of blood samples is an ERROR that can cause AHTRs (acute hemolytic transfusion reactions). | labeling |
| Misidentification of a sample at the __ __ is an ERROR that can cause AHTRs (acute hemolytic transfusion reactions). | blood bank |
| Issuing the __ __ from the blood bank is an ERROR that can lead to AHTRs (acute hemolytic transfusion reactions). | wrong unit |
| Transfusing blood to the __ __ is an ERROR that can lead to AHTRs (acute hemolytic transfusion reactions). | wrong patient |
| Alloquoting a patient sample to an improperly labeled __ __ is an ERROR that can cause AHTRs (acute hemolytic transfusion reactions). | test tube |
| Insufficient __ of units is a CONTRIBUTING FACTOR to AHTRS. | segregation or separation |
| __ sample labels can be a CONTRIBUTING FACTOR to AHTRs. | Preprinted |
| Patients with similar or identical __ can be a CONTRIBUTING FACTOR to AHTRs. | names |
| STAT Orders, especially ones issues __, can be a CONTRIBUTING FACTOR to AHTRs. | verbally |
| __ issuing blood instead of using a computer can be a CONTRIBUTING FACTOR to AHTRs. | Manually |
| Processing samples from multiple __ can be a CONTRIBUTING FACTOR to AHTRs. | patients |
| Recording test results to the wrong __ __ can definitely be a CONTRIBUTING FACTOR to AHTRs. | patient record |
| Overriding computer __ __ can be a CONTRIBUTING FACTOR to AHTRs. | error messages |
| Delayed hemolytic reactions are usually due to __ antibodies formed during a previous exposure, such as through pregnancy or a prior transfusion. | IgG |
| Antibodies that commonly cause delayed hemolytic reactions (more specific than IgG) include ? | 1. Duffy 2. Kell 3. Kidd 4. MNS |
| Intrinsic RBC defects, such as __ __ anemia, can lead to nonimmune hemolytic anemia. | sickle cell |
| Allergic reactions can be caused by soluble allergens in __ __. | donor plasma |
| Which of the recipient's antibodies can react with plasma proteins found in the donor's plasma? | IgE |
| Anti-__ antibodies can cause the recipient to have an anaphylactic reaction. | anti-IgA |
| Reactions due to allergens usually occur within __ of being transfused. | seconds or minutes |
Created by:
IsaacJ
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