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MICRO review

QuestionAnswer
unique to the fungi Ergosterol
most common flora organism on the skin S. epidermidis
protect bacteria against phagocytosis protein A, capsules, and some pili
pathogenicity factor produced by all gram-negative prokaryotes Lipid A is the toxic component of endotoxin or lipopolysaccharide, which makes up the outer membrane
possessed by all gram-positives Teichoic acid
Endospores are produced by two genera of gram-positive bacteria, Clostridium and Bacillus
Peptidoglycan is found in the cell wall of all prokaryotes except Mycoplasma; contains sterols
Painless, indurated genital ulcers during primary syphilis caused by Treponema pallidum
Used to visualize treponemes in fluid from chancre Dark-field microscopy
Serologic testing for Treponema pallidum NON-SPECIFIC VDRL/RPR
CONFIRM diagnosis of syphilis with SPECIFIC test FTA-ABS
Diagnose 3ยบ syphilis; neurosyphilis test spinal fluid with VDRL or RPR
most important test to distinguish between the gram-positive cocci of the genera Streptococcus and Staphylococcus. catalase test
is used to distinguish between Streptococcus pyogenes and S. agalactiae CAMP test
is used to identify Staphylococcus aureus specifically Coagulase test
A maculopapular rash begins on the ankles and wrists and spreads to his trunk Rocky Mountain spotted fever, which is caused by Rickettsia rickettsii
intracellular pathogen because it cannot make enough ATP for independent existence. Rickettsia rickettsii
only prokaryotes that possess sterols in their membranes Mycoplasma and Ureaplasma
lack muramic acid in their cell walls Chlamydia
specific test for the diagnosis of syphilis fluorescent treponemal antibody-absorption test (FTA-ABS)
N. gonorrhoeae and N. meningitidis are distinguished from one another by the fact N. meningitidis ferments maltose and has a capsule
Atypical pneumonia Mycoplasma, Legionella, Chlamydia
Atypical pneumonia in an elderly Mycoplasma
struvite stones or staghorn renal calcul, possible following UTI by organisms that are urease producers, change urinary pH Proteus spp. or Ureaplasma urealyticum.
Organisms that DONT Gram stain well Treponema, Mycobacteria, Mycoplasma, Legionella, Rickettsia, Chlamydia
high lipid content in cell wall detected by carbolfuchsin in acid-fast stain (Ziehl-Neelsen) Nocardia, Mycobacterium
Mycobacterium tuberculosis pathogenicity Cord factor+ sulfatides= inhibit phagosome-lysosome fusion
more common bacterial cause of diarrhea in the United States Campylobacter jejuni
All DNA viruses replicate in the nucleus EXCEPT Poxvirus
All RNA viruses replicate in the cytoplasm EXCEPT Influenza, Retrovirus
Only viruses insensitive to alcohol naked capsid
Interferon-alpha has been used with success in the treatment of these diseases Hairy B cell leukemia, chronic hepatitis B and C, Kaposi sarcoma, condyloma acuminatum, renal cell carcinoma, malignant melanoma
Interferon-beta has been shown to increase the length of remissions Multiple sclerosis
Interferon-gamma has been used to increase phagocytic cell function in Chronic granulomatous disease
How do retroviruses make their messenger RNA By transcription from proviral DNA
This is the only family of single-stranded DNA viruses. Parvovirus
Host is one in which the virus is not able to produce virions, but instead malignant transformation occurs Nonpermissive
Host permits viral replication and either lives or dies as a result of the number of cells killed. Permissive
only family of viruses that captures their envelope from the nuclear membrane of the infected cell. Herpesviruses
Most of the members of the family virus are agents of aseptic meningitis. Picornaviridae (poliovirus, enterovirus, coxsackie virus)
molecule that binds to CD4 and gives the HIV virus its tropism gp120
gp41 fusion and entry
gag (p24) capsid protein
Created by: heidy39
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