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BMMS 6Science Ch 10
BMMS Science Ch 10 - Ecosystems
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Organism | a living thing |
| Habitat | an environment that provides the things the organism needs to live, grow and reproduce |
| Biotic factors | the living parts of a habitat |
| Abiotic factors | the nonliving parts of a habitat |
| Photosynthesis | the process in which plants make their own food from water, sunlight and carbon dioxide |
| Species | a group of organisms that are physically similar and can mate with each other and produce offspring that can also mate and reproduce |
| Population | all the members of one species in a particular area |
| Community | all the different populations that live together in an area |
| Ecosystem | the community of organisms that lie in a particular area, along with their nonliving surroundings |
| Ecology | the study of how living things interact with each other and their environment |
| Birth rate | the number of births in a population in a certain amount of time |
| Death rate | the number of in a population in a certain amount of time |
| Immigration | to move into a population |
| Emigration | to leave a population |
| Limiting factor | an environmental factor that causes a population to stop growing |
| Carry capacity | the largest population that an area can support |
| Producer | an organism that can make its own food |
| Consumer | an organism that obtains energy by feeding on other organisms |
| Herbivores | consumers that eat only plants |
| Carnivores | consumers that eat only animals |
| Omnivores | consumers that eat plants and animals |
| Scavenger | a carnivore that feeds on the bodies of dead organisms |
| Decomposers | break down wastes and dead organisms and return raw materials to the ecosystem |
| Food chain | a series of events in which one organism eats another and obtains energy |
| Food web | consists of the many overlapping food chains in an ecosystem |
| Energy pyramid | shows the amount of energy that moves from one feeding level to another in a food web |
| Natural selection | a process by which characteristics that make an individual better suited to its environment become more common in species |
| Adaptations | the behaviors and physical characteristics that allow organisms to live successfully in their environments |
| Niche | the role of an organism in it habitat; how it makes its living |
| Competition | the struggle between organisms to survive as they attempt to use the same limited resources |
| Predation | interaction in which one organism kills another for food |
| Predator | the organism that does the killing in predation |
| Prey | the organism that is killed in predation |
| Symbiosis | a close relationship between two species that benefits at least one of the species |
| Mutualism | relationship in which both species benefit |
| Commensalism | relationship in which one species benefits and the other species is neither helped nor harmed |
| Parasite | an organism that lives on, or inside, another organism and harms it |
| Host | the organism that a parasite lives in or on |
| Nitrogen fixation | process of changing free nitrogen gas into a usable form |
| Primary succession | the series of changes that occur to an area where no soil or organisms exist |
| Pioneer species | the first species to populate an area |
| Secondary succession | the series of changes that occur in an area where the ecosystem has been disturbed, but where soil and organisms still exist |
Created by:
mrpowers
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