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LIFE 103- Practical3

QuestionAnswer
two types of roots tap roots and fibrous roots
tap roots originate from the seed _____ radicle
"out of place" roots adventitious roots; originate from stems or leaves
extensions of epidermal cells that increase surface area for absorption root hairs
draw a root tip p. 62
draw a root cross section p. 62
draw root vascular cylinder p. 63
why do lateral roots originate from the internal region? that's where the vascular cylinder is
draw a leaf p. 64
three types of leaf arrangements alternate, opposite, whorled
three types of leaf forms (all one leaf) simple, pinnately compound, palmately compound
ground tissue is composed of ____ cells mesophyll
two types of mesophyll palisade, spongy
palisade mesophyll more chloroplasts, less space between cells
spongy mesophyll fewer chloroplasts, more air space between
spine protection (modified leaf)
needle water retention (modified leaf)
fleshy/succulent water storage (modified leaf)
insectivorous nitrogen source (modified leaf)
flower attract pollinators (modified leaf)
tendril grow up a woody plant (modified leaf)
auxin apical dominance
cytokinin delay senescence (remains green)
abscisic acid reduces germination
gibberellin stem elongation
2, 4- D kills dicots but not monocots (can be used for grass)
thigmonasty movement in response to touch (plants)
thigmotaxis movement in response to touch (animal-like protists)
paramecium locomotion cilia
trypanosoma locomotion flagella
amoeba locomotion pseudopodia
mechanism that prevents bursting in amoeba contractile vacuole
label a sponge p. 90
rod-like skeletal elements of sponges spicules
spicules are made of spongin
flagellated cells inside sponges choanocytes
sponge zygotes flagellated larva
stinging organelle found in cnidaria nemacyst
stinging cells found in cnidaria cnidocytes
tissue layers in cnidaria diploblastic
cnidaria body forms polyp and medusa
digestive cavity in cnidaria gastrovascular cavity
hydrozoa 2 examples Obelia and Portuguese Man O' War
scyphozoa example jellies
anthozoa 2 examples corals and anemones
Man O' War structure p. 99
jelly structure p. 101
sea anemone stucture p. 102
pseodoceolomate endoderm on one side, mesoderm on other side
ceolomate mesoderm on both sides
excretion in platyhelminthes flame cell beats and excretes mostly water
respiration and circulation in platyhelminthes diffusion only
three classes of platyhelminthes flatworms (turbellaria), flukes (trematoda), tapeworms (cestoda)
fluke reproduction female in front
cestoda digestion no digestive cavity (absorb nutrients from the outside)
body cavity type: platyhelminthes aceolomate
body cavity type: nematoda pseudoceolomate
body cavity type: annelida ceolomate
support system: platyhelminthes parenchyma cells
support system: nematoda hydrostatic skeleton
support system: annelida hydrostatic skeleton
nervous system: all worms cephalization; nerve chord/brain
platyhelminthes locomotion circular+longitudinal and cilia
nematoda locomotion longitudinal muscles only
annelida locomotion cicular+longitudinal and setae (anchoring)
platyhelminthes digestion gastrovascular cavity; tapeworm has none
platyhelminthes circulation none (diffusion)
nematoda circulation none (diffusion)
annelida circulation closed circulatory system
platyhelminthes excretion flame cells
nematoda excretion lateral canals
annelida excretion metanephridia
worm respiration diffusion through skin
annelida 2 classes oligochaeta (earthworms), hirudinea (leeches)
dyed blue swimming worm vinegar eel (nematoda)
ascaris nematoda (cross section slide w/ very obvious digestion tract)
outer marking on earthworms clitellum
draw a planaria p. 109
Created by: melaniebeale
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