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Sensory System
Med Surg
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 3 extraocular structures include | eyelids, lashes, tears |
| 3 intraocular layers include | sclera, uvea, retina |
| aqueous humor def | liquid that nourishes eye structure - lens and cornea |
| vitreous humor def | clear jelly like that holds retina in place |
| refractive media def | all structures working together - receive and bend light rays, focus on retina, then reflect to form image then reverse & turn upside down to carry to optic nerve to optic casem to form L & R optic tract and trasmit to brain |
| refraction def | when light passes through the cornea, anterior chamber, pupil, lens, and vitreous humor |
| accomodation def | process by which the lens changes shape to focus |
| near point def | closest point a person can clearly focus on an object |
| ophthalmologist def | DR who specializes in eye disorders (MD) |
| optometrist def | test vision, eye exam, prescribe lens, contact lenses, some treat limited eye disorders & prescribe meds (OD) |
| optician def | specialist who make eyeglasses/contact lenses based on ophthalmologist & optometrists recommendation |
| what age should a patient have a thorough visual screening? | 40 |
| ptosis def | drooping of lid |
| proptosis def | extended/protruded upper eye lid that delays closing or remains partially open |
| nystagmus def | uncontrolled oscillating movement of eyeball |
| how far do you have your pt stand from the eye chart when conducting assessing visual acuity? | 20 ft |
| what is normal vision, visually impaired and legally blind? | normal - 20/20, V.I. - 20/70, legally blind - 20/200 |
| what do the Jaeger chart and Rosenbaum pocket vision screening tool measure and how are they used? | 14 inches away and used to evaluate near vision |
| what are the Ishihara polychromatic plates used for? | color vision |
| when performing the corneal light reflext test, what is considered a normal result? | reflection of light should be the same for each eye. It assesses alignment of the eye |
| Tonometry def | measures IOP |
| Amsler grid is used to assess pts with ______ problems | mascular |
| what is a slit lamp exam? | a binocular microscope that magnifies the surface of the eye and is helpful to disorders including corneal abrasions, irisitis, conjunctivitis and cataracts |
| what is Rentinal angiography used for? | detects vascular changes and blood flow through retinal vessels |
| what is a whisper test? | tests used to assess pts gross auditory acuity |
| what do the tuning forks test for? | screen for hearing loss |
| what are decibels? | unit of measuring intensity of sound |
| Emmetropia def | normal vision |
| Myopia def | nearsightness |
| Hyperopia def | farsightness |
| presbyopia def | associated w/ aging r/t difficulty w/near vision |
| astygmatism def | visual distortion caused by an irregularly shaped cornea |
| BCVA | best corrected visual cornea |
| endophthalmitis def | disorder which all 3 layers of eye and vitreous are inflammed |
| diplopia def | double vision |
| conjunctivitis def | inflammation of conjunctivia - pink eye can lead to blindness |
| uveitis def | inflammation of uvea which is made up of iris, ciliary body and choroids - no known cause. give mydriatics, atropine, analgesics, antibiotics. can lead to glaucoma, cataracts, and retinal detachment |
| keratitis def | inflammation of cornea d/t trauma and infectous agents - stop wearing contacts temporarily |
| blepharitis def | inflammation of eye lids |
| horodoleum def | inflammation/infection of Zeis/moll glands - oil glands at edges of eye lids d/t staph infection |
| chalazion def | cyst of 1 or more meibomian glands - inner surface of eyelid d/t blockage and gland enlarges |
| macular degeneration def | breakdown/damage to the maeula pt on the retina where light rays converge for most acute visual perception |
| glaucoma def | production and drainage of aqueous fluid |
| open angle def | aka chronic/simple and most common - onset slow and pt may not experience noticeable symptoms for many years |
| angle def | closure less common, recognize to prevent blindness |
| cataracts def | aging process or congenitally acquired - diabetes and halo around light - early sx |
| phacoemulsification | ultrasound breaks the lens into minute particles removed by aspiration |
| retinal detachment def | sensory layer becomes separated from pigmental layer of retina |
| enulcleation def | surgical removal of an eye |
| presbycusis def | hearing impairment associated w/old age |
| tinnitus def | ringing in ears - one or both |
| sensorineural def | hearing loss is usually irreversible |
| cerumen impaction def | accumulated earwax that obstructs the external acoustic meatus |
| otalgia def | fullness/pain in ears - diminished hearing |
| otitis media def | inflammation of tissue in outer ear |
| myringotomy/tympanotomy def | small opening cut in tympanic membrance to decrease likelihood of rupture |
| otoscelerosis def | result of bony overgrowth of the stapes and common cause of hearing loss among adults |
| menieres disease def | fluctuation in production/reabsorption of fluid in the inner ear |
| ototoxicity def | detrimental effect of certain meds on the 8th cranial nerve or hearing structures |
| acoustic neuroma def | aka vestibular schwannoma - hearing loss and compression of cochlear nerve/interference w/BS to nerve and cochlear |
Created by:
breinard
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