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Ecology
some ecology stuff man. yeah.
| Term | Definition |
|---|---|
| Ecology | the study of limited portions of the environment, called ecosystems, as well as the impact of man on those ecosystems. |
| What Ecologists do | study relation ships between existing organisms and their environment, predict what would happen if some factor changes, recommend steps to change an environment or the organisms in it. |
| Ecosystem | all the living things and non-living factors and their interactions within a limited area. |
| 2 interacting parts in ecosystem | Abiotic and Biotic environment |
| abiotic environment | all the non-living factors in ecosystem |
| radiation | heat and light from sun |
| atmosphere | mixture of gasses that surrounds earth-> atm. pressure |
| wind/water currents | force, direction, tide, causes treeline |
| soil and geological substrate | includes mineral concentration |
| water | one of the most crucial factors in any ecosystem |
| water cycle | begins with evaporation and transpiration of water from surface water sources and plants; this water moves into the atmosphere and condenses to form clouds which, as they become cooler, will lead to precipitation falling back to earth |
| the biotic community | all living organism; contains populations |
| populations | all members of similar organisms, often species. |
| producer | those organisms that produce their own food primarily through photosynthesis (autotrophs) |
| Consumer | consume all or part of other organisms for food (heterotrophs) |
| Productivity | the rate of photosynthesis carried on by the producers in an ecosystem. (50% of all light E is absorbed and .5% is available to 1st consumer) |
| Food Chain | represents transfer of energy. Nutritional relationships between organisms in an ecosystem. |
| Neutralism | unrelated |
| Competition | depend on the same food |
| Amensalism | 1 population inhibited by 2nd population, but 2nd not affected by the 1st. |
| Predation | one organism eats another |
| Parasitism | parasite depends on host; many fungi and bacteria (may or may not harm host) |
| Symbiosis | "together for life" (Commensalism and Mutualism) |
| Commensalism | 1st population benefits from 2nd population, while 2nd population not affected by 1st (vulture and lion) |
| Mutualism | both populations benefit; (birds eat insects off elephants back) |
| Survival strategies | mimicry, warning coloration, protective coloration |
| mimicry | looks like something else |
| warning coloration | warns predator "don't eat" |
| protective coloration | camouflage |
| biosphere | thin shell around earth in which all known physically living things exist. |
| habitat | the area where a type of organism lives |
| niche | what an organism does and how it fits into its habitat |
| oxygen/carbon cycle | continuous cycle of oxygen released in photosynthesis and carbon dioxide released in cellular respiration. |
| noncyclic | for example energy; anything that is not "cyclic" (used and reused) within the environment. |
| Limiting factors | factors which in somewhat limit the growth or existence of an organism. |
| diurnal: | active during day |
| nocturnal | active at night |
| seasonal rhythms | rotate on a yearly cycle |
| lunar rhythms | most pronounced along edges of oceans where tides effect organisms. |
| Succession | predictable, gradual change of a biotic community over time (pioneer stage to climax stage) |
| Man | the consumer/manager. consumer due to usage of environment, manager due to god's assignment of responsibility to manage His creation. |
| Pollution | man's placing into the environment substances or factors that make a negative impact on the envirnment either due to its nature or abundance. |
| Energy Pollutants | factors caused by man that act upon an environment in a harmful way. |
| Substance Pollutants | objects or chemicals placed in environment |
| Biodegradable | break down and return to noraml cycle |
| Nonbiodegradable | don't break down and return to normal cycle |
| Hazardous waste | polutants; chemically activel do direct harm to living things |
| Detritus | dead organic matter |
Created by:
mere
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