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Science 8 Astronomy

Vocabulary: Astronomy

TermDefinition
asteroid small, rocky objects found mostly in the asteroid belt between Mars and Jupiter
astronomical unit (AU) unit for measuring distance; one AU is the average distance from the Sun's center to the Earth's center (150 million km or 93 million miles
black hole a point that has no volume and whose gravity is so strong that nothing can escape, not even light
comet a space object formed from dust and rock particles mixed with frozen water, methane, and ammonia (a small dirty snowball)
electromagnetic spectrum arrangement of electromagnetic waves according to their wavelengths
equinox a day that occurs when Earth's axis is tilted neither toward nor away from the sun
galaxy a cluster of stars held together by gravity
gas giants (Jovian) Jupiter-like planets that are very large and made mostly of H and He
geocentric a model of the solar system that places the earth at the center
Goldilocks Theory Earth has conditions that are "just right" for abundant life
heliocentric a model of the solar system that places the sun at the center
light-year the distance that light travels in one year (about 9.5 km) which is used to record distances between stars and galaxies
meteor a chunk of rock and dust (meteoroid) that burns up in Earth's atmosphere
lunar eclipse occurs when the Earth's shadow falls on the moon
revolution movement around the sun; "orbital motion"; used to determine the "planetary year"
rotation movement (or spinning) around an axis; used to determine the "planetary day"
solar eclipse occurs when the moon's shadow falls on Earth
solstice a day that occurs when Earth's axis is the most tilted toward or away from the sun
terrestrial planets the 4 earth-like planets; typically smaller and made of rock and metal
tide the daily rise and fall of sea level caused mostly by the moon's graviational pull
Created by: HOMSSeminar
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