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chapter 11 vocab

TermDefinition
DNA Replication a process in which the DNA in the chromosomes is copied
double helix the shape of two strands of DNA twisted together
nitrogenous base a carbon ring structure that contains one or more atoms of nitrogen
codon a group of three nitrogenous bases in mRNA code for one amino acid
messenger RNA a type of RNA that brings instructions from DNA in the nucleus to the cells factory floor, the cytoplasm
ribosomal RNA type of RNA that binds to the mRNA and uses the instructions to assemble the amino acids in the correct order
transcription a process in which enzymes in the nucleus make an RNA copy of a portion of a DNA strand
transfer RNA a type of RNA that delivers amino acids to the ribosome to be assembled into a protein
translation the process of converting the information in a sequence of nitrogenous bases in mRNA into a sequence of amino acids in proteins
chromosomal mutations structural changes in chromosomes
frameshift mutation a mutation in which a single base is added to or deleted from DNA
mutagen any agent that can cause a change in DNA
mutation any change in the DNA sequence
point mutation a change in a single base pair in DNA.
Created by: rachelcaroline_
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