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Ecology Ch. 19

biology chapter 19

TermDefinition
Ecology The study of how living and nonliving things effect each other
Ecologists Study relationships between existing organisms and their environment, predict what would happen if some factor were changed, and recommend steps to change an environment or the organisms in it
Ecosystem all living and nonliving things and their interactions within a limited area
Abiotic Environment Nonliving factors/Physical Environment. Ex. Radiation, atmosphere, wind, water currants, soil, geological substances, gravity, fire, and water
Water one of the most crucial factors in any ecosystem
Water Cycle the cyclic movement of water. From evaporation and transpiration to the atmosphere to a cloud and then precipitation falling back to earth
Detritus Dead organic matter
Biotic Community All living organisms in the ecosystem
Populations all members of similar organisms, often species
Producer organisms that produce their own food; photosynthesis
Consumer organisms that consume all or part of other organisms for food
Productivity rate of photosynthesis carried on by the producers in an ecosystem
Food Chain nutritional relationships between organisms in an ecosystem
Food Web multiple nutritional relationships within an ecosystem and its neighboring ecosystems
Neutralism Unrelated; toad eats insects/bird eats seeds
Competition Depends on same food; Snake and hawk both eat mice
Amensalism 1 population inhibited by 2nd population, but2nd population not affected by the 1st; rhino trampling through and eating grass that lizard lives in
Predation one organism eats another; predator/prey
Parasitism parasite depends on host; many fungi and bacteria- may or may not harm host
Commensalism 1st population benefits from 2nd population, while 2nd population not affected by first; vulture cleaning up remains after lion has had his fill of the prey
Mutualism both populations benefit; birds eating insects off elephant's back
Symbiosis Together for life: ex- commensalism and mutualism
Mimicry pretend to be something else- look like another
Warning coloration tells potential predators to beware
Protective coloration camouflage, hide
biosphere the thin shell around the earth where all known physically living things exist
Habitat area where a type of organism lives
Niche what organisms do, how they fit in habitat, and how they affect its habitat
Oxygen Cycle/ Carbon Cycle Continuous cycle of oxygen released in photosynthesis and carbon dioxide released in respiration
noncyclic anything that is no "Cyclic" (used and reused) within the environment
Limiting factors factors which n someway limit the growth or existence of an organism
diurnal those organisms that are active during the day
nocturnal those organisms that are active at night
Seasonal rhythms rotate a yearly circle: Hibernation/ migration
Lunar rhythms most pronounced along edges of oceans where tides effect organisms
Succession Predictable gradual change of biotic community over a period of time
Man- the consumer- manager consumer due to usage of environment, manager due to God's assignment of responsibility to manage his creation
Pollution man's placing into the environment substances or factors that make a negative impact on the environment either due to its nature or abundance
Energy Pollutants factors caused by man that act upon an environment in a harmful war (Radioactive waste, energy pollution)
Substance Pollutants Objects or chemicals that are placed or released in the environment
Biodegradable Breakdown/ return to normal cycling
Non-biodegradable cannot break apart in the environment
Hazardous Waste Pollutants that are chemically active and do direct harm to living things (Nuclear waste, chemical spill, oil spill)
Created by: AngryBirds12
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