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JKP Unit 2

TermDefinition
Assumptions/Characteristics of Science 1. Determinism 2.Parsimony 3. Manipulation 4. Empiricism 5. Philosophic Doubt 6. Replication
Determinism Behavior is caused by some event.
Empiricism Information is collected by objective observations
Law of Parsimony simplest explanation, all else being equal
Philosophic Doubt Conclusions are tentative and revised with data
Science systematic approach for seeking and organizing knowledge about the natural world
Goals of Science Prediction; Control
Pragmatic Truth Criterion truth is success of practical application.
Two Types of Science Natural & Social
Examples of Social Sciences Economics, Psychology, Sociology, Political Science
Examples of Natural Science Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Behavior analysis
Social Science hypothetical Constructs; indirect measurement
Natural Science Empirical; direct measurement; manipulates IVs
Functional Relation one variable lawfully affects another
Replication Repeating experiment, same experiment, specific conditions
Experimentation Systematic manipulation of IVs
Determinants of Behavior Behavior is determined by Organic and Environmental Variables
Process of Evolution Natural Selection
Reflex relation between specific stimulus and innate involuntary response.
US (Unconditioned Stimulus) stimulus elicits behavior w/o history.
UR (Unconditioned Response) response elicited by US
Elicit strongly, consistently, and reliably evoke.
Basic Principle of Behavior basic functional relation between behavior and controlling variables
Habituation reduction in strength of reflex by repeated exposure to elicitor
Sensitization stimulus elicits reflex following elicitation of that response by different stimulus.
2 Basic Types of Learning Habituation & Sensitization
Examples of Reflexes (name 3) Patellar; eye blink; salivation; swallowing; startle; activation
Operant collection of responses with a common effect on the environment
Behavior-Altering stimulus produces immediate and momentary change in frequency, magnitude, latency of response class.
Function-Altering environmental event produces relatively permanent change in functional relation between environment and behavior
Created by: Cambam
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