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Test on 3/26/24

Mass Movement, Water Erosion, Glaciers, Waves, and Wind

QuestionAnswer
(1) What is Mass Movement? Mass movement includes several processes caused by gravity that move sediment downhill.
(2) What are the four types of mass movement. Explain them. Landslide, mudslide, creep, and slump. Mudslide: is a rapid movement of soil, rock, and water. They happen in a dry areas and then gets a powerful rainfall or from an earthquake.
(3) What is deposition? Deposition is when sediment is placed in a new location building up on Earth’s surface.
(4) What is deflation? The process where wind picks up sediment and moves it is called deflation.
(5) What is sediment? The material moved by erosion.
(6) What is runoff? Runoff forms when water moves across Earth’s surface after rainfall.
(7) What are rills? Small brooks or rivulets.
(8) What are gullys? Large channels in the soil that carries runoff.
(9) What is a stream? A small, narrow river.
(10) What is a river? A channel along which water is continually flowing down a slope.
(11) What features are crated by water erosion? Waterfall, Oxbow Lake, Meander, V- Shaped Valley, and Floodplain.
(12) What is a waterfall? Forms by eroding soft rock and pours over hard rock.
(13) What is an oxbow lake? Oxbow Lake: When a meander gets cut off and the river flows straight. Oxbow Lakes show a signs that the river is old.
(14) What is a meander? Meander: A bend in the course of a river where water flows across easily eroded sediment.
(15) What is a V- Shaped valley? V- Shaped Valley: A river passes through a V- shaped valley. As the water flow on, the v- shaped valley gets deeper.
(16) What is a floodplain? Floodplain: Forms when a river’s power of erosion doesn't deepen it’s valley, but widens it.
(17) What is a delta? Delta: Forms when a river deposits sediments where it flows into the ocean.
(18) What is a Alluvial Fan? When a river decreases velocity and deposits sediments that form into a fan- shaped mass.
(19) What is Karst Topography? A type of landscape in which caves, deep valleys, and sinkholes are common is called Karst Topography.
(20) What two features can form from groundwater deposition? Explain each one. Stalagmite: A cone shaped deposit that rises from the floor of a cave. Stalactite: A deposit that hangs from the roof of a cave.
(21) What features can form from groundwater erosion? Caves and Sinkholes.
(22) List the land features that can be made by glacial erosion. Horn, Cirque, Glacial Lake, and Arete
(23) What is till? Till are sediments deposited directly by a glacier.
(24) What is a Moraine, Drumlin, and Kettle Lake? Moraine: Mounds or ridges of till. Drumlin: A long mound of till that is higher at one end. Kettle Lake: Small depression formed when a block of ice melts is till.
(25) What land features are made from wave erosion? Water cut cliffs, sea caves, sea arches, and sea stacks are all created by wave erosion.
(26) What is the difference between a sand dune and a loess? A sand dune can be much larger especially the ones found in deserts. A loess is a fine sand deposit that can be fertile for planting.
(27) What is a barrier beach? A barrier beach protects the mainland and bay, similar to how a sandbar works. It forms when storm waves pile up sand above sea level.
(28) What is a sandbar? A sandbar protects the mainland behind it. It is a deposit of sand.
(29) What is a spit? A spit is when longshore drift adds sediment to existing land along a shoreline.
(30) Extension 1 for #2 A landslide Happens when soil and rock slid down a steep slope, quickly. The most destructive type of mass movement. Slump: One large mass of soil and rock that suddenly slip down a slope.
(31) Extension 2 for #2 Creep: The downhill movement of soil and rock that happens very slowly.
(32) What is the major agent that has shaped Earth’s surface? Water.
Created by: 16rney
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