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Chapter 13 GENE
Genetics Chapter 13 Human Heredity
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Clones | Genetically identical molecules, cells, or organisms all derived from single ancestor |
| Cloning | The production of identical copies of molecule, cells, or organisms from a single ancestor |
| Charles Steward | Grew individual carrot cells in the laboratory by using special nutrients |
| Callus | Ball of undifferentiated cells |
| Embryo splitting | After in vitro fertilization, early embryonic cells are divided and grown into clones |
| Nuclear transfer | Cell fusion, enucleated eggs are fused with embryonic adult cells and grow into clones. |
| First clone horsish | Mule, Horse is mother, Donkey is father |
| Problems with cloning | Viability, lifespan, genetic regulation, epigenetic regulation. |
| Molecular cloning | Technology was developed to clone segments of DNA molecules, based of restriction endonucleases, that recognize and cut DNA at specific nucleotide sequences |
| Recombinant DNA Technology | DNA that is created by combining two or more sequences that would not normally occur together |
| Things needed to clone DNA | A way to cut DNA at specific sites, a carrier molecule to hold DNA for cloning, a place where the DNA can be copied |
| Restriction enzymes | Bacterial enzymes that cut DNA at specific sites |
| Vectors | Self- replicating DNA molecules used to transfer foreign DNA segments between host cells (plasmids or engineered viral chromosomes) |
| Plasmids | used as vectors for cloning DNA |
| DNA ligase | Joins recombinant DNA molecules |
| Genomis library | A collection of clones that contain all the genetic information in an individual |
| Yeast artificial chromosome | Cloning vector with telomeres and a centromere, carries DNA fragments up to 1 million bases long, uses eukaryote yeast as a host cell |
| Probe | A labeled nucleic acid used to identify a complementary region in a clone of genome |
| PCR | A method for amplifying DNA segments using cycles of denaturation, annealing to primers, and DNA polymerase- directed synthesis |
| Mullis | Won Nobel Prize in 1993 for PCR, laser pointer story, LSD |
| Southern blotting |
Created by:
tstrange
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