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Micro
Chapter 7-9
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| Nutrition | process by which chemical substances (nutrients) are acquired from the environment and used in cellular activities |
| Heterotroph | must obtain carbon in an organic form made by other living organisms such as proteins, carbs, lipids, and nucleic acids |
| Autotroph | An organism that uses CO2, an inorganic gas as its carbon source. (Not nutritionally dependent on other living things. |
| Chemotroph | – gains energy from chemical compounds |
| Phototroph | Gains energy through Photosynthesis |
| Detritus | Waste or debris of any kind |
| Facultative parasite | – AN organism that may resort to parasitic activity, but does not absolutely rely on a host for completion of its life cycle |
| Obligate Parasite | Must have a host to carry out its life cycle |
| Endocytosis | : bringing substances into the cell through a vesicle or phagosome |
| Niche | : totality of adaptations organisms make to their habitat, Specialized area in which evolution has optimized a certain species to occupy |
| Aerobe | utilizes oxygen and can detoxify it |
| Obligate aerobe | Cannot grow without oxygen |
| Facultative anaerobe | utilizes oxygen but can also grow in its absence |
| Microaerophilic | – requires only a small amount of oxygen |
| Anaerobe | – does not utilize oxygen |
| Obligate anaerobe | lacks the enzymes to detoxify oxygen so cannot survive in an oxygen environment |
| Aerotolerant anaerobes | do not utilize oxygen but can survive and grow in its presence |
| Turbidometry | Degree of cloudiness, turbidity, reflects the relative population size |
| Enumeration | Basically counting the number of bacteria in a sample. You can do a viable colony count or a Direct cell count (automated or manual) |
| Metabolism | Sum of all Chemical reactions in a cell |
| Anabolism | Building larger molecules from small (synthesis) [Requires energy] |
| Catabolism | Breaking down large molecules into small subunits [Releases Energy] |
| Substrate | The substance acted upon by an enzyme |
| Osmotic Pressure | The minimum pressure needed to prevent osmosis |
| Endergonic Reactions | Consume energy |
| Exergonic Reactions | Release Energy |
| Amphibolic | Having more than one pathway of metabolism (Bidirectional) |
| Transposons | May be harmful or beneficial, Special DNA segments that have the capability to move from one location to another – Jumping Genes. |
Created by:
wiveys
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