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chp 16 peds
integumentary disorders
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| an infection of the mucous membranes of the mouth ca infection to used by the fungus candida | thrush |
| can breastfeeding transfer to mothers nipples? | yes if good hygiene is not followed |
| thrush being passed along the GI tract can cause this_____ | diaper rash aka dermatitis, inflammation of esophagus and stomach |
| s/s of thrush | white patches that resemble milk curds on tongue, inner lips, gums and oral mucosa |
| discomfort of thrush can cause____ | anorexia |
| inflammation caused by prolonged contact with an irritant such as urine or feces | diaper rash aka dermatitis |
| s/s of diaper rash | red,irritated skin, sometimes accompanied by blistering |
| beefy red rash is generally indicative of? | candidiasis |
| treatment for diaper rash | zinc oxide ointments, petroleum jelly can help prevent |
| inflammation of genetically hypersensitive skin | atopic dermatitis aka infantile eczema |
| s/s of atopic dermatitis | lesions from vesicles that weep and develop a dry crust, itching is constant, lesions are easily infected |
| _____ is worse in the winter than in the summer | atopic dermatitis |
| _____ is not recommended for the use of diaper rash | baby powder |
| meds for treatment of atopic dermatitis | antihistamines- atarax,benadryl,claritin,allegra antibiotics topical corticosteroids nonsteroidal agents |
| used to decrease inflammation during flare ups,use for kids older than 2yrs. | nonsteroidal agents |
| used intermittentlt to reduce flare ups, low dose,moderate or high potency depends on age,degree of skin involement and side affects | topical corticosteroids |
| used to treat secondary infection | antibiotics |
| oral for antipruritic effect, preferred use during day time | antihistamines- claritin,allegraan |
| infectious disease of the skin caused by staphylococci or group A beta hemolytic strep | impetigo |
| the first symptoms of a nonbullous lesion from impetigo is | red papules that become small vesicles or PUSTULES surrounded by redness |
| vesicles that become fluid filled, eventually rupture,collapse,and leave a base with a peeling rim | bullous lesions |
| contagious skin to skin | impetigo pustules |
| impetigo lesions should be cleaned with what,and how many times a day? | soap and water, 3-4 times |
| impetigo can be prevented by nurses using______ | proper aseptic methods |
| the bacterial genus ________ is comprised of common bacteria that are found in dust and on the skin | staphylococcus aureus |
| isnt a problem with healthy body defenses, but if the number of organisms increases in infants with low resistance______ may occur | skin infections |
| staphylococcus treatment | antibiotics, ointments, hand washing |
| bacterial infection of skin and subcutaneous tissue | cellulitis |
| cellulitis is caused by | strepococcus, staphylococcus, haemophilus influenzae |
| s/s of cellulitis | edemaatous, tender red, warm skin, can form a abscess,fever, septicemia |
| treatment of cellulitis | handwashing,oral antibiotics, warm moist compress |
| three types of _______ head lice,crabs,body lice | pediculosis |
| pediculosis capitis | head lice |
| pediculosis pubis | crabs |
| pediculosis corporis | body lice |
| s/s of pediculosis | severe itiching, matted hair,pustules or excoriations seen around face |
| treatment of pediculosis | permethrin-nix,pyrethrin shampoos, lindane-kwell, combing hair with fine tooth comb |
| categorized as thermal,radiation,electrical,or chemical | burns |
| _____ can cause fluid and electrolyte imbalances that can affect every body system | severs burns |
| major complications of severe burns | infection,scarring, functional disabilities |
| burn wound are classified by | body surface area, depth and location,association with other injures |
| rules of 9 due not work in | infants and children due to body size |
| an _______ is inserted if the child is in respiratory distress | endotracheal tube |
| treatment for burns | iv fluids,foley catheter,o2 |
| important care of burns | maintenance of airway, shock prevention |
| _________ occurs if inhaled smoke or can involve face and chest burns | airway obstruction |
| treatment for superficial burns | cool compresses/soothing lotions |
| treatment for superficial partial thickness burns | antimicrobial agent, heal within 2 to 3 weeks |
| ______ is commonly used for partial or full thickness burns to prevent sepsis | silvadene |
| range of motion,__________,debridement are used in treatment of burns | hydrotherapy |
| ______ maybe necessary in full thickness burns | skin grafts |
| skin obtained from human cadavers | allograft |
| obtained from an undamaged area of the pt body | autograft |
| _____ must be removed to prevent infection in burned skin | eschar |
| type of med only ordered if infection in burns occur | antibiotics, penicillin,erythromycin |
| pain control for burns | morphine sulfate |
| in severe burns with absent bowel sounds the child will be_______ for first 24-48hrs | npo |
| diet for child with burns | HIGH PROTEIN,HIGH CALORIE |
| _____ concerns are important for a older child during recovery | body image |
| families may be dealing with this due to burns on family member | guilt,anger,denial,fear,grief |
| an inflammation of the sebaceous glands and hair follicles in the skin | acne vulgaris |
| ______ is a plug of keratin,sebum,and bacteria | comedo |
| the surface of a comedo is darkened by melanin | blackhead |
| closed comedones responsible for the inflammatory process of acne | whiteheads |
| type of diet with acne vulgaris | regular |
| pt who are not taking tetracycline or vitamin a benefit from | sunshine |
| otc benzoyl lotions or gel act to dry and peel skin along with | supressing fatty acid growth |
| aids in elimination of keratinous plugs | topical retinoic acid derivartive---retin A |
| these meds may be given along with topical meds in serious cases | tetracycline,doxycycline,erythromycin |
| is now being used for pt with severe pustulocycstic acne | accutane |
| can interfer with birth control | TETRACYCLINE |
| more than 50% of skin disorders in children are a form of_______ | dermatitis |
| _____ can live up to 1 month on the host, but only 48hrs without one | lice |
| what are the manifestations of scabies | thread like rash between fingers and other moist ares, pruritus, eczematmous in infants |
| med for ringworm | griseofulvin-grifulvin |
| med for thrush | nystain-mycostatin |
| med for head lice | pediculicide |
| med for lyme disease | amoxicillin-amoxil |
| discharge instructions for a 6month old with impetigo | clean nipples and pacifiers frequently,apply topical antibacterial ointment to the infection due not wash off, use clean towel to dry off infant after bath |
| nurse reviews way to prevent diaper dermatitis with a new mom | use superabsorbent disposable diapers,change as soon as wet, apply a barrier ointment |
| discharge instructions for child with contact dermatitis | should gently scrub skin to remove crusty areas |
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