Help
Options
Didn't know it?
click below
click below
Knew it?
click below
click below
Don't Know
Remaining cards (0)
Know
retry
shuffle
restart
0:00
Embed Code - If you would like this activity on your web page, copy the script below and paste it into your web page.
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Normal Size Small Size show me how
Chemistry Test
Hon Bio Chem Test
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| atom | the basic unit of matter |
| nucleus | the center of the atom which contains the protons and the neutrons |
| electron | negatively charged particle; located in the space surrounding the nucleus |
| proton | positively charged particle located in the nucleus |
| neutron | particle with no charge located in the necleus |
| ionic bond | chemical bond formed when one or more electrons are transferred from one atom to another |
| covalent bond | type of bond between atoms in which electrons are shared |
| hydrogen bond | weak attraction between hydrogen atom and another atom |
| acid | a compound that forms hydrogen ions (H+) in a solution; a solution with a pH less than 7 |
| base | a compound that produces hydroxide ions (OH-) in a solution; a solution with a pH more that 7 |
| buffer | a compound that prevents a sharp or sudden change in pH |
| pH scale | a scale that values from 0 to 14, used to measure the concentration of H+ (hydrogen) ions in a solution; a pH of 0 to 6 is acidic, a pH of 7 is neutral and a pH of 8 to 14 is basic |
| Solute | a substance that dissolves into a solution |
| solvent | dissolving a substance into a solution |
| adhension | force of attraction between different kinds of molecules |
| ion | particles that have gained or loss electric charge; Lose negative charge becomes more positive; loses positive charge becomes more negative |
| What are the common ions found in organisms? | • Sodium- Na+ • Chloride- Cl- • Potassium- K+ • Calcium- Ca++ • Hydrogen- H+ |
| Is insulin a macromolecule? | YES |
| Hydrophobic | "water fearing" |
| Hydrophilic | "water loving" |
| What polar is each molecule attracted to: hydrophilic or hydrophobic? | nonpolar - hydrophobic polar - hydrophilic |
| What is the most important atom in an organism? | Carbon |
| How many bonds can the carbon atom form? | 4 |
| What shape do Carbon atoms form? | Carbon atoms have rings or chains |
| Molecules that contain carbon are classified into what type of molecule? | Organic molecule |
| Molecules on the left side of a chemical equation are called . | reactants |
| Molecules on the right side of a chemical equation are called . | products |
| Metabolism | all the chemical reactants that happen in a cell |
| Dehydration Synthesis | removing a water molecule to make a bond |
| Polymerization | kind of synthesis reaction in which many smaller subunits that are similar join to make a bigger molecule |
| Monomers | the small subunits in polymerizations |
| Polymers | The big molecule made in polymerizations |
| Hydrolysis | kind of chemical reaction in which a molecule is broken apart by adding a water molecule |
| Give an example of a polymer. | Nucleotide (GCAT) *join together to make DNA molecule* |
| What are the functions of enzymes? | to speed up chemical reactions by lowering activation energy |
| What type of organic compound are enzymes? | proteins |
| Carbohydrates are chains of what smaller organic molecule? | sugars |
| What are 3 ways organisms can use carbohydrates? | 1. quick energy 2. easy energy 3. structure |
| What 2 examples of carbohydrates in living organisms | 1. sugars 2. starches |
| Name 3 sugar | frutose glucose surcose |
| What is another name for sugars? | sarccharide |
| How many sugars does monosaccharide have? | 1 sugar |
| How many sugars does polysaccharide have? | 3 or more |
| How many sugars does disacchride have? | 2 sugars |
| Which carbohydrate do plants store for later energy? | Strach |
| Which carbohydrate do animal store for later energy? | glycogen |
| Which carbohydrate makes the cell wall of plants | cellulose |
| Can we digest carbohydrates if not why? | NO; it helps things move in intestines |
| Why do carnivores only eat meat? | can't digest cellulose |
| Are lipid chains smaller molecules than carbohydrates? | NO |
| What are 3 ways that living creatures use lipids? | 1. insulate the body 2. energy storage 3. cushion organs |
| Name 3 examples of lipids in living organisms | 1. Fats 2. Oils 3. Waxes |
| What are 2 ex of saturated fats | butter & cheese |
| What are the general saturated fats | solid at room temp. & contributes to heart disease |
| 2 ex. of unsaturated fats | plants, fish, or vegetables |
| List the general characteristics of unsaturated fats | liquid at room temp. & better diet choice |
| Why is cholesterol good and bad? | -good cell membrane -hormones -too much creates heart disease |
| What structure is made up of phospholipids? | Cell Membrane Head: polar Tail: nonpolar |
| What are 3 ways living things use proteins? | 1. muscles 2. skin, hair, nails, claws 3. episin |
| What are 3 ex. of proteins in living organisms? | 1. hormones 2. movement 3. enzymes |
| Proteins are chains of what smaller organic molecules? | Amino Acids |
| How many different Amino Acids are there | 20 |
| How does proteins function property? | Proteins fold and twist into a correct form (3D) Different Shapes = Different Form |
| What is it called when a proteins unfold? | Denature |
| What are examples of Nucleic Acids? | DNA & RNA |
| What is the function of genetic material? | stores and transfers energy |
| What are the building blocks of nucleic acids? | nucleotides |
| What are the nitrogen bases | A C G T U |
| What are the DNA chains like? | -double sided -double sided helix -A C G T |
| What are the RNA chains like? | -singled sided -A C G U |
| Does DNA have weak bonds or strong bonds? | weak bonds between nitrogen bases join the 2 strands |
| Replication of DNA | -copy DNA -2 strands of DNA helix are complementary |
| Who found out about DNA | Watson, Crick and others |
Created by:
sossenkopp
Popular Science sets