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Migraines/Seizures
New Guidelines for treatments/ various seizure types
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| 38% of all people get migraines at some time. What percentage of this population seek help or get primary prevention treatment? | 1/3 |
| Name 5 criteria for primary migraine headache prevention treatment | 1. frequent attacks 2. acute medication overuse 3. acute medication ineffective/not tolerated 4. patient preference 5. migraines assoc. with weakness or other ...neurological symptoms |
| Name the 2 medications that were initially the 1st line choice for migraines. | Gabapentin and Verapamil |
| Name the 2 now preferred medications for migraine headaches. | Topiramate and Topamax |
| What is a chronic disorder or group of chronic disorders in which the indispensable feature is recurrence of seizures that are typically unprovoked & usually unpredictable? | Epilepsy |
| What is a transient epileptic event? | Seizure |
| Signs of seizures can be broadly classified into a limited no. of categories such as what? | 1. alteration of consciousness 2. behavior, posture, tone 3. motor activity, tone, sensation 4. autonomic function |
| Describe simple partial seizures. | changes in vision/hearing, odd feelings, staring, deja vu, trembling that moves up 1 side of the body |
| What are 2 types of seizures? | 1. Generalized 2. Partial |
| What are complex partial seizures? | bilateral spread of the seizure discharge at least to the basal forebrain & limbic areas |
| What are some symptoms of complex partial seizures? | lip smacking, picking at clothes, disrobing, repeated phrases, unaware of danger or pain, automatisms (automatic actions independent of external stimuli |
| What is a generalized (tonic-clonic) seizure? [formerly called grand-mal seizure] | generally, body stiffens, falls to the ground, emits a loud cry, muscle jerking. Activity begins symmetrically an synchronously. AKA both hemispheres/simultaneously. |
| What is an absent seizure? [formerly called peti-mal seizure] | result in brief periods of impaired awareness. also may be small motor movements, changes in muscle tone or automatic behaviors |
| What are myoclonic seizures? | Characterized by rapid brief muscle jerks. Can occur bilaterally or unilaterally. Range from isolated small movements to massive bilateral spasms |
| What are atonic seizures? | Associated with a sudden loss of muscle tone in a limb or throughout the entire body. A person will often drop things or fall to the ground |
| True or False? An accurate history and description of the episode is vital to the diagnosis. | True |
| Name 4 diagnostic considerations when treating seizure disorders. | 1. EEG (consider video EEG monitoring) 2. CT scan 3. MRI of the brain 4. Complete lab workup |
| Name 4 differential diagnoses for seizures. | 1. Migraines 2. Syncope 3. TIA 4. Non-epileptic events |
| Name 3 treatment options for seizures. | 1. Conservative approach if isolated event. 2. Avoid provoking factors if identified 3. Medication: dilantin, phenobarbitol, depakote, tegretol, topamax, lamictal, neurontin, keppra, vimpat. |
Created by:
MissyGirl3971
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