click below
click below
Normal Size Small Size show me how
AMS Volcanism
Term | Definition |
---|---|
Volcanism | All the processes associated with the release of magma, hot fluids and gases |
Zones of Volcanism | Places where magma is released such as ocean ridges, volcanic islands and volcanic mountain ranges |
Convergent Volcanism | Volcanic activity created when an oceanic plate melts under another plate during subduction |
Divergent (rift) Volcanism | Volcanic activity created when two tectonic plates move apart and magma rises to fill the gap |
Hot Spot Volcanism | Volcanic activity created when ONE tectonic plate moves over a stationary (does not move), unusually hot, place in Earth’s mantle |
Stationary | Does not move; stays in the same place |
Explosivity/Explosiveness | The ability to burst with violence; in a volcano - quiet/oozing or violent/exploding |
Viscosity | A physical property that describes a material’s resistance to flow/movement |
Resistance | Slow to act or move; hesitant |
Chemical Composition | The elements and/or compounds that make up a material; what something is made of |
Silica Content | The amount of silicon and oxygen found in magma; more silica = high viscosity = violent eruptions |
Basaltic Magma | Magma created when rock from Earth’s upper mantle or oceanic crust melts |
Andesitic Magma | Magma with more silica; silica gained by passing through an oceanic or continental plate; will create a more forceful eruption |
Rhyolitic Magma | Magma with a high amount of silica; silica gained by passing through thicker oceanic or continental plates; creates the most violent eruptions |
Convection | The process that transfers heat energy from warmer regions to cooler regions. Convection occurs in Earth’s mantle |
Thermal Energy | Heat |
Effusion of Lava | A quiet, non-violent eruption of magma; a flow, discharge, or slow ooze of magma; like at ocean ridges or hot spot volcanoes |
Explosion of Lava | A violent eruption of magma, ash, tephra (rocks) and gases |