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AP Bio Chapter 53

QuestionAnswer
Species Richness Number of species in a community
Relative abundance How many of on species vs. how many of another
Species diversity Considers species richness and relative abundance
Individualistic hypothesis Species happen to live together because of similar abiotic requirements
Interactive hypothesis Species live together because of positive biotic interactions
Coevolution A change in one species forces a change in another species
Predation A predator eats it's prey
Parasitism Predators live off their prey withour killing them outright
Parasitoidism Insects lay eggs in a host
Herbivory Animals eat plants
Cryptic coloration Camouflage
Aposematic coloration Warning colors to defend from predators
Mimicry Superficial resemblance to another species
Batesian Mimicry Harmless species mimics a harmful model
Mullerian Mimicry Two or more harmless species resemble each other
Parasite Predator who feeds off a host
Host Fed on by a parasite
Endoparasite Live inside a host
Ectoparasite Feeds on the external surface of a host
Competitive Exclusion Principle Two species with similar needs cannot exist in the same place
Ecological Niche Sum of an organisms use of biotic and abiotic resources in it's environment
Fundamental niche Set of resources an organism theoretically could use
Realized niche Resources a population uses collectively
Resource Partitioning Use resources in different ways
Symbiosis Species living together
Parasitism One benefit, one harmed
Commensalism One benefit, one unnaffected
Mutualism Both parties benefit
Keystone Species Species that have a very strong impact on the community structure
Exotic species An introduced species
Stability Maintaining an equilibrium
Disturbances Events that damage communities
Ecological succession Transition in species over time
Primary sucession First transitions
Secondary succesion Established communities change
Dynamic Equilibrium Hypothesis Species diversity depends on disturbances
Recruitment Change in community structure due to disturbances
Intermediate Disturbance Hypothesis Diversity is greatest where disturbances are moderate in both frequency and severity
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