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Chaper 15

QuestionAnswer
List the examples of local winds. Sea Breeze and Land Breeze
What are the auroras and where are they found? Are shimmering lights and occur in the ionosphere. (thermosphere)
Our ozone layer absorbs which type of harmful radiation from the sun? UV rays or ultraviolet rays
How much oxygen and carbon dioxide is found in our air? Oxygen 21% carbon dioxide less than 1%
Which global wind blows away from the poles to the west? Polar Easterlies
What are the 2 most abundant gases found in the air? Nitrogen and Oxygen
Describe air pressure. Measures the force with which air molecules push on a surface. Gravity pulls gas molecules toward the surface causing air pressure.
What happens to air pressure as altitude increases? As altitude increases air pressure decreases.The higher you go the less air is above you.Air pressure is strongest at the surface.
Describe jet streams. Narrow belts of high speed winds that blow in the upper troposphere and the lower stratosphere. Move 400km/hr. Don't have regular paths, and effects the movements of storms.
What is the greenhouse effect? The process by which gases in the atmosphere absorb thermal energy.
Explain the 3 ways that heat is transferred. Convection- Energy through liquid or gas. Conduction- Energy has direct contact with the object. Radiation- Feeling the energy without touching it. EM waves can't touch.
Where do trade winds flow toward? Flow toward the equator.
What does the Coriolis Effect make the winds do? It makes the winds curve.
Describe doldrums. Has very little wind due to the warm rising air. Is a low pressure area. Trade wind meet around the equator.Very light winds, dull.
What is the ozone layer? Layer of oxygen that absorbs most of the sun's UV rays.
Where is the ozone layer found? In the stratosphere.
Describe the thermosphere. It is the hottest layer in our atmosphere and the ionosphere is located here. The uppermost layer of the atmosphere. Due to solar radiation Aurora Borialis occurs here.
What is the most common atmospheric gas? Nitrogen
What parts of the earth cools off faster and heats up faster? Land cools of faster and heats up faster.
What does this unequal heating create? Winds
What is smog? Fog or haze combined with smoke and other atmospheric pollutants.
Describe the movement of convection currents. Cold sinking dense air pushes against warm light dense air. Continues in a cycle.
Which instrument measures air pressure? Barometer
What is so significant about the troposphere? Weather occurs here and humans live here.
What kind of ways have humans created air pollution? Burning of fossil fuels, production of chemicals, exhaust.
What is another name for the distance above sea level? Altitude or elevation
What are global winds? Are the combination of convection cells found at every 30 degrees of latitude and the Coriolis Effect produces patterns of air circulation.
What does the name of a wind tell you? It tells you where the winds go.
How much of the sun's energy actually reaches the Earth? Two billionths
What property are the layers of the atmosphere based on? Temperature
Which calm areas is located around 30 degrees north and south latitude? Horse latitude
What is the atmosphere? Mixture of gases that surround the Earth's layer. Protects us from UV rays. Always changing.
List the 3 global winds and the 2 calm areas. Global winds:Trade winds, Westerlies, and Polar Easterlies Calm Areas: Doldrums and Horse Latitudes
What is global warming? An increase in the overall temperature of the Earth's atmosphere.
If air mass increases what happens to density? Density increases
What type of winds blow over short distances? Local Winds
How are all winds created? By the unequal heating of the Earth's atmosphere.
Created by: fs24158
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