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Chapter 15
Study Guide
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| List the examples of local winds. | Land/sea breeze and mountain\valley breeze |
| What are auroras and where are they found? | Shimmering lights found in inosphere |
| Our ozone layer absorbs which type of harmful radiation from the sun? | Ultraviolet radiation or UV |
| How much oxygen and carbon dioxide is found in the air? | 21% oxygen and 1% carbon dioxide |
| Which global wind blows away from the poles to the west? | Easterlies |
| What are the 2 most abundant gases found in the air? | Nitrogen and oxygen |
| Describe air pressure. | The measure of the force with which air molecules push on surface. |
| What happens to air pressure as altitude increases? | Air pressure decreases the higher you are in the atmosphere. |
| Describe jet streams? | Narrow belts of high speed of high speed winds that blow in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere. |
| What is the greenhouse effect? | Process by which gases in atmosphere absorb thermal energy. |
| Explain 3 ways that heat is transferred. | Heat is transferred through conduction or direct contact, convection or circular motion, and radiation or through waves . |
| Where do trade winds flow toward? | They flow toward the equator. |
| What does the Coriolis Effect make the winds do? | It causes the winds to curve. |
| Describe the doldrums. | Doldrums is the area where the trade winds meet which causes dull winds. |
| What is the ozone layer? Where is it found? | The ozone layer is a layer found in the stratosphere that prevents harmful UV rays from coming through. |
| Describe the thermosphere. | Uppermost layer of atmosphere where temperature increases. |
| What is the most common atmospheric gas? | Nitrogen |
| What parts of the Earth cools off faster and heats up faster? What does this unequal heating cause? | Land heats up faster but cools faster then the ocean, this causes wind. |
| What is smog? | Smog is smoke and fog mixed together and is caused by pollution. |
| Describe the movements of convection currents. | Convection currents is heating that moves in a circular formation, a example would be when you boil water,on the top is now cold and sinks to the bottom. |
| Which instrument measures air pressure? | barameter |
| What is significant about the troposphere? | All life occurs here and all weather happens here. |
| What kinds of ways have humans created pollution. | humans have created pollution by burning way to much fossil fuels. |
| What is another name for distance above sea level? | Altitude or elevation |
| What are global winds? | Combination of convection cells occur every 30 degrees latitude. |
| What does the name of a wind tell you? | Which direction the wind is from and where it's going. |
| How much of the sun's energy actually reaches the Earth? | 2 billionths |
| What property are the layers of the atmosphere based on? | Temperature change |
| Which calm area is located around 30 degrees north and 30 degrees south? | doldrums |
| What is the atmosphere? | The atmosphere is the air that protects humans from harmful UV rays and holds warm air in to keep humans alive. |
| List 3 global winds and 2 calm winds. | Easterlies, Westerlies,Polar Easterlies, Doldrums, and Horse Latitudes |
| What is global warming? | Global warming is caused when the ozone is being burned down which causes more and more UV rays that are harmful to come through. |
| If air mass increases what happens to density? | density increases |
| What type of winds blow over short distances? | Local winds |
| How are all local winds created? | By uneven temperatures and differences in air pressure. |
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