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Ch15
Study Guide
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| . List the examples of local winds | Land and sea breeze |
| What are auroras and where are they found? | shimmering lights |
| . Our ozone layer absorbs which type of harmful radiation from the sun? | UV or ultraviolet |
| How much oxygen and carbon dioxide is found in our air? | Oxygen is 21% and carbon dioxide is less than 1% |
| Which global wind blows away from the poles to the west? | polar easterlies |
| What are the 2 most abundant gases found in the air? | oxygen and nitrogen |
| Describe air pressure. | Is the measure of the force with which air molecules push on a surface. |
| What happens to air pressure as altitude increases? | As altitude increase air pressure decreases.s |
| Describe jet streams. | Narrow belts of high-speed winds that blow in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere. |
| What is the greenhouse effect? | The process by which gases in the atmosphere absorb thermal energy |
| . Explain the 3 ways that heat is transferred. | Radiation and conduction and convection |
| Where do trade winds flow toward? | To the equator |
| What does the Coriolis Effect make the winds do? | Curve |
| Describe the doldrums. | Trade wind meet on the equator and very light wind dull |
| What is the ozone layer? Where is it found? | Found in the Stratosphere, layer of oxygen that absorbs most of sun’s UV rays |
| Describe the thermosphere. | Uppermost layer of the atmos. Temp. inc. due to solar radiation. Aurora Borealis occurs here. |
| What is the most common atmospheric gas? | Nitrogen |
| What parts of the earth cools off faster and heats up faster? What does this unequal heating create? | cools and heats faster and then creates wind. |
| What is smog? | Sunlight reacts with ozone and exhaust. |
| Describe the movement of convection currents. | Cold sinking and dense air pushes warm less dense air. which continues over and over again |
| Which instrument measures air pressure? | barometer |
| What is significant about the troposphere? | weather |
| What kind of ways have humans created air pollution? | Fossil fuels and exhaust |
| What is another name for the distance above sea level? | Elevation and altitude |
| What are global winds? | Convection cells at every 30 degrees latitude. Wind that blow long distances are areas. |
| What does the name of a wind tell you? | Tells you which direction it came from |
| How much of the sun’s energy actually reaches the Earth? | 2 billionth |
| What property are the layers of the atmosphere based on? | temperature |
| Which calm area is located around 30 degrees north and south latitude? | Horse latitudes |
| What is the atmosphere? | Layer of gases that surround the earth from uv rays and objects. |
| List the 3 global winds and the 2 calm areas | Global Winds: polar easterlies and westerlies and trade winds Clam areas: doldrums and horse latitudes |
| What is global warming? | An increase in average global temperature. |
| If air mass increases what happens to density? | Air mass increases the density increases also. |
| What type of winds blow over short distances? | Local winds |
| How are all winds created? | Unequal heating of the earth's surface |
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