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Anatomy Questions
First three study guides
| Question | Answer |
|---|---|
| "potential" cavity contains: | pleura, pericardium, and peritoneum. parietal serosa, and vesceral serosa. |
| 1 things reproductive system does | produces offspring,males have testes producing sperm and male sex hormones. Women have ovaries and eggs and female sex hormones...also mammary glands make milk. |
| 11 organ systems NERDI CURLS M | nervous,endocrine,respiratory,digestive,integumentary,cardiovascular,urinary,reproductive,lymphatic,skeletal,muscular. |
| 2 kinds of connective tissue proper | dense, loose |
| 2 layers of dermis: | papillary layer, reticular layer |
| 2 layers of skin: | epidermis, dermis,(hypodermis lies deep to the dermis) |
| 2 things digestive system does | breaks down food into absorbable units, eliminates indigestible foodstuffs as feces. |
| 2 things nervous system does | fast acting control system, responds to internal and external changes. |
| 2 things respiratory system does | keeps blood supplied with oxygen, removes carbon dioxide |
| 2 types of sudoriferous glands: | eccrine gland-true sweat gland |
| 3 kinds of cartilage: | hyaline, elastic, fibrocartilage |
| 3 kinds of dense connective tissue proper | regular, irregular, elastic |
| 3 kinds of loose connective tissue proper | areolar connective tissue, reticular tissue, adipose tissue |
| 3 kinds of membranes... | cutaneous membranes(skin), mucous membrane(lines hollow organs that open to surface of body),serous membranes(simple squamous epithelium lying on areolar connective tissue proper, and line closed cavities) |
| 3 kinds of pigment: | melanin, carotene, hemoglobin |
| 3 kinds of skin cancer from most treatable to least treatable: | basal cell carcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, melanoma |
| 3 layers of keratinized cells (hair) | medulla-central core, cortex-surrounds medulla, cuticle-outermost layer |
| 3 main layers of the epidermis: | stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum coreum (stratum basale is thin layer below stratum spinosum) |
| 3 things integumentary system does | forms external body covering,protects deeper tissues,has sweat and oil glands. |
| 3 things lymphatic system does | picks up fluid leaked from blood vessels, houses white blood cells, mounts attacks against foreign substances in body. |
| 3 things muscular system does | allows manipulation of environment,locomotion, produces heat. |
| 3 things skeletal system does | protects and supports organs,provides framework for muscles, stores minerals. |
| 3 things urinary system does | eliminates nitrogenous wastes, regulates water electrolyte and acid-base balance, and regulates systemic blood pressure. |
| 4 cell types in epidermis: | keratinocytes, melanocytes, merkel cells, langerhans cells |
| 4 connective tissues | connective tissue proper, cartilage, bone tissue, blood |
| 4 kinds of tissues: | nervous,epithelial, connective tissue, muscle |
| 5 body cavities: | cranial, vertebral, thoracic, abdominal, pelvic |
| abdominal cavity contains | digestive viscera, kidneys, and peritoneal cavity. |
| adipose tissue | fatty cells that lie deep to the skin, and serve as padding and insulation |
| adipose tissue: | loose connective tissue proper, fatty, used for cushion and warmth. |
| anatomy is | the study of the structure of the human body. |
| appositional growth | growth from outside in |
| areolar tissue | within and deep to the dermis, between muscles and around joints. serves as cushion for organs, supports movement |
| arrector pilli: | muscle that makes hair stand erect. |
| articulation | where bone comes together (joints) |
| basal lamina functions: | acts as a selective filter,forms basement for membrane |
| basal lamina: | noncellular supporting sheet between the epithelium and the deeper connective tissue. consists of proteins secreted by the epithelial cells. |
| blood vessels: | transport blood, carry oxygen and carbon dioxide, carry nutrients and wastes. |
| branches of anatomy | gross, and histology (microscopic) |
| cancer signs:abcd | asymmetry, border, color, diameter |
| cardiovascular system has (2 imp. things) | blood vessels, heart |
| cells of connective tissue proper | mesenchymal, firoblasts, fibrocytes |
| columnar | cells taller than they are wide, like columns |
| connective tissue consists of: | cells separated by large amounts of extracellular matrix |
| coronal plane | frontal plane (divides body into anterior and posterior parts) |
| cranial cavity contains | brain |
| cuboidal | cells like cubes |
| dense irregular connective tissue | tissue that provides strength and support to areas subjected to stresses. |
| dense regular connective tissue | collagen fibers packed tightly together and aligned parallel to applied forces. ex-tendons, and ligaments |
| dermis consists of: | strong flexable connective tissue |
| Endocrine glands are: | ductless, secrete substances directly into bloodstream, produce hormones. |
| endocrine system has glands that secrete hormones that regulate: | growth,reproduction, nutrient use, etc. |
| epithelial tissue function: | covers a body surface or lines a body cavity, forms most glands. protects. |
| Exocrine glands are: | modifications of epithelium, secrete out of body, ducts open to the surface |
| Goblet cells: | unicellular exocrine glands that produce mucus. |
| ground substance of connective tissue | spongy part of matrix made of sugar and protein |
| hair is: | flexible strand of dead keratinized cells |
| heart: | pumps blood |
| hypodermis consists of: | areolar and adipose connective tissues |
| interstitial growth | growth from inside out |
| keratinocytes | most abundant epithelial cells in the epidermis that form 5 layers |
| lacuna | space inside matrix |
| langerhans cells | innitiate a immune response against pathogens that have penetrated the superficial layers of the epidermis |
| loose connective tissue: | packing material of the body: areolar, adipose, reticular |
| matrix | extracellular fibers, and ground substance |
| median plane | also called midsagittal plane. divides body vertically in the midline |
| mediastinum | contains the heart surrounded by the pericardial sac |
| melanocytes | pigment producing cells in the epidermis |
| membranes combine... | epithelial tissues and connective tissues, cover broad areas within the body. |
| merkel cells | epidermis surface cells (where there is no hair)sensitive to touch. |
| mesenchyme : | star shaped cells that are seperated by matrix and are the first to appear in an embryo |
| modifications to epithelial tissue: | villi, microvilli,tight junctions, gap junctions, basal lamina. |
| nails made of | keratin |
| name 2 structures human bodies share with all vertebrates. | brain, heart. |
| parietal serosa: | outer wall of the serous cavity |
| pelvic cavity contains | bladder, reproductive organs, rectum, and peritoneal cavity. |
| pericardium: | the thin sac that contains the heart |
| peritoneum: | the serous membrane that lines the abdominal and pelvic cavities |
| pleural cavity contains | serous fluid |
| pleural membrane: | thin membrane that covers the lung |
| reticular tissue | found in liver, kidney, bone marrow. serves as support for framework |
| root plexus: | knot of sensory nerves around the hair bulb |
| sebaceous gland secrete: | oily sebum |
| serous cavities: | a slit like space lined by a serous membrane |
| serous cavity has what liquid? | serous fluid |
| serous membrane function? | acts as a lubrication against friction |
| simple | one layer of cells |
| skin functions: | cushions, insulates, protects from bumps scratches,elements, and uv rays. |
| skin: | largest organ, accounts for 7% of body weight |
| squamous | squished or flattened cells |
| stratified | more than one layer of cells |
| stratum basale function: | separates he epidermis from the loose connective tissue of the dermis |
| stratum corneum appearance and function: | "dead flaky cells" found at surface of the skin |
| stratum granulosum appearance and function: | "granular layer"consists of keratinocytes that were pushed out of the stratum spinosum |
| stratum spinosum appearance and function: | "spiny layer" where stem cells divide and push the older ones into the next..pushing them further out. |
| sweat glands also called: | sudoriferous glands |
| thoracic cavity contains | heart and lungs |
| tissue fluid (interstitial fluid): | watery fluid occupying matrix |
| transverse plane | runs horizontally dividing body into superior and inferior parts. |
| vertebral cavity contains | spinal cord |
| vesceral serosa: | covers visceral organs |
| what separates the thoracic cavity from the abdominal cavity? | diaphragm |
Created by:
dancealicat
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