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Ch. 15

Study Guide

QuestionAnswer
List the examples of local winds. Land and sea breezes.
What are the two auroras and where are they found? Shimmering lights found in the ionosphere (thermosphere).
Our ozone layer absorbs which type of harmful radiation from the sun? UV or Ultraviolet.
How much oxygen and carbon dioxide is found in the air? Oxygen: 21% Carbon Dioxide: less than 1% (O) (CO2).
Which Global wind blows away from the poles to the west? Polar Easterlies.
What are the 2 most abundant gases found in the air? Nitrogen and Oxygen.
Describe air pressure. The measure of the force with which air molecules push on a surface.
What happens to air pressure as altitude increases? As altitude increases, air pressure decreases.
Describe jet streams. Narrow belts of high speed winds that blow in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere.
What is the greenhouse effect? The process by which gasses in the atmosphere absorb thermal energy.
Explain the 3 ways that heat is transferred. Conduction,Radiation, and Convection.
Where do trade winds flow toward? They flow towards the equator.
What does the Coriolis Effect make the winds do? The Coriolis Effect make the winds curve.
Describe the doldrums. This is where trade winds meet; on the equator, very lights winds-dull.
What is the ozone layer? Where is it found. Found in the stratosphere, layer of oxygen that absorbs most of the sun's UV rays.
Describe the thermosphere. Upper most layer in the atmosphere. Temperature increases due to solar radiation. Aurora Borealis occurs here.
What is the most common atmosphere gas. Nitrogen.
What parts of the earth cools off faster? What does this unequal heating create? Lands cools and heats faster; creates wind.
What is smog? Polluted air when sunlight reacts with ozone exhaust.
Describe the movement of convection currents. With a heat source, cold sinking dense air pushes warm light dense air-continues in a cycle.
Which instrument measures air pressure. Barometer.
What is significant about the troposphere? Weather occurs here.
What kind of ways have human created air pollution? Burning fossil fuels-exhaust, chemicals.
What is another name for the distance above sea level? Altitude or elevation.
What are Global Winds? Global winds are a combination of convection cells at every 30 degrees latitude; winds that blow across long distances.
What does the name of a wind tell you? Wind names tell you where the wind is coming from.
How much of the sun's energy actually reaches the Earth? 2 billionth.
What property are the layers of the atmosphere based on? Temperature.
Which calm area is located around 30 degrees north and south latitude? Horse Latitudes.
What is the atmosphere? Layer of gases that surround the earth and protects us from UV and space objects.
List the 3 global winds and the 2 calm areas? Westerlies, Polar Easterlies, Trade winds. Sea breezes and land breezes.
What is global warming? Increase in average temperatures on earth.
If air mass increases what happens to density? As air mass increases density increases.
What type of winds blow over short distances? Local Winds.
How are all winds created? Unequal heating of the earth's surface.
Created by: piggies
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